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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is the glenoid labrum?
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fibrocartilage which runs around the rim of the glenoid fossa (on scapula)
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what actions are allowed by the glenohumeral joint?
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flexion, extension, adduction and abduction of humerus (circumduction)
medial and lateral rotation of humerus |
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what are the names for the shoulder joint?
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articulatio humeri
glenohumeral joint |
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what happens to the shoulder joint if C5 and C6 are lesioned?
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the head of the humerus would then only be held in place by ligaments and the capsule, so it could be pulled away from the glenoid cavity by 1 cm
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where is the capsule of the shoulder joint?
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stretches from margin of glenoid cavity to anatomical neck of humerus (superiorly) and to surgical neck (inferiorly)
inferior portion of the glenohumeral capsule folds when the arm is adducted |
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what are the important ligaments of the shoulder joint?
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coracohumeral ligament
transverse humeral ligament superior, middle, and inferior glenohumeral ligaments |
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what are the attachments of the coracohumeral ligament?
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lateral border of coracoid process
anterior portion of anatomical neck of humerus |
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what are the actions of the coracohumeral ligament?
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holds humeral head in adducted position
prevents inferior dislocation limits lateral rotation |
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what is involved in the locking mechanism which prevents inferior dislocation of the shoulder?
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slope of the glenoid fossa
tight upper part of joint capsule coracohumeral ligament supraspinatus muscle |
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what are the actions of the transverse humeral ligament?
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holds the long head of the biceps in the intertubercular groove
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what holds the long head of the biceps in the intertubercular groove of the humerus?
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transverse humeral ligament
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what are the muscles of the rotator cuff?
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supraspinatus
infraspinatus teres minor subscapularis |
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what are the bursae of the shoulder joint?
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subscapularis bursa
subacromial bursa biceps synovial sheath (in intertubercular sulcus) |
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what prevents superior displacement of the shoulder joint?
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coracoacromial arch
coracoid coracoacromial ligament acromion |
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what supplies motor innervation of the shoulder joint?
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C5 - flexion, abduction, lateral rotation
C6,7,8 - extension, adduction, medial rotation lesion in C5,C6 results in "tip-taking position) |
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what supplies sensory innervation to the shoulder joint?
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suprascapular nerve
axillary nerve lateral pectoral nerve posterior cord of brachial plexus (C5,C6) |
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what are the names for the elbow joint?
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articulatio cubiti
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what type of joint is the elbow joint?
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hinge (ginglymus) joint
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where is the capsule of the elbow joint loose?
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anteriorly and posteriorly for flexion and extension
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what prevents medial and lateral displacement of the elbow joint?
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radial collateral ligament
ulnar collateral ligament |
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what are the fossae of the humerus that the ulna articulates with?
what bony landmark does it articulate with? |
coronoid fossa anteriorly
olecranon fossa posteriorly trochlea |
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what bony landmarks of the humerus does the radius articulate with?
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radial fossa anteriorly
capitulum |
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where is the radial notch of the ulna?
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proximal end, on the lateral side of coronoid process
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where is the tuberosity of the brachialis tendon?
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anterior side of coronoid process
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what is another name for the trochlear notch on the proximal end of the ulna?
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semilunar notch
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what holds the head of the radius in place?
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annular ligament (attaches to ulna)
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where is the radial collateral ligament attached? what is its function?
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lateral epicondyle to annular ligament
prevents lateral dislocation of elbow strengthens annular ligament |
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where is the ulnar collateral ligament attached? what is its function?
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medial epicondyle to medial margin of trochlear notch
prevents medial dislocation of elbow |
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where is the capsule of the elbow joint?
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upper margins of coronoid and radial fossae anteriorly
margins of trochlear notch and annular ligament distally |
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what is between the fibrous capsule and synovial capsule of the elbow joint?
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synovial fat pads
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what forms the intermediate radioulnar joint?
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interosseous membrane between radius and ulna
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what are the parts of the distal radioulnar joint?
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semicircular surface on ulna for ulnar notch of radius
semilunar surface on ulna for triangular articular disc attached to fovea |
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where is the fovea?
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at the base of the styloid process
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what separates the radioulnar joint from the radiocarpal joint?
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articular disc from fovea of radius (base of styloid process) to the ulna
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what is involved in the radiocarpal joint?
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aka wrist joint
inferior articular surface of radius and articular disc scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum |
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what ligaments are involved in the radiocarpal joint?
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palmar radiocarpal ligaments
dorsal radiocarpal ligaments radial collateral ligament ulnar collateral ligament |
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where is flexion of the wrist mainly performed?
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midcarpal (transverse carpal) joint
between proximal and distal rows of carpal bones |
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what are intercarpal ligaments?
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dorsal and palmar bands radiating from capitate and interosseous ligaments
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what is the saddle joint?
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joint between trapezium and metacarpal 1
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what metacarpal is wedged between the trapezium, trapezoid, and capitate?
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metacarpal 2
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what metacarpal articulates with the distal surface of the capitate?
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metacarpal 3
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what metacarpals articulate with the hamate?
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metacarpals 4 and 5
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describe the tension in the collateral ligaments of the metacarpophalangeal joints during each of their actions.
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taut on flexion
slack on extension |
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when can the metacarpophalangeal joints abduct and adduct?
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ONLY when joint is extended
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what forms the palmar ligaments?
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thickening of metacarpophalangeal capsule
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what unites the palmar ligaments?
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deep transverse metacarpal ligaments
to keep metacarpals from spreading |
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what are other names for the palmar ligaments?
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palmar plates
volar accessory ligaments |
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what attaches to the deep transverse metacarpal ligaments?
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anteriorly - digital bands of palmar aponeurosis
posteriorly - slips from extensor expansions |
