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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is heart failure?
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Inability of the heart to pump enough nutrients to tissues
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What happens to the heart during heart failure?
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Decrease in contractility and an increase in pre-load, after-load and heart rate
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2 basic ways of treating heart failure?
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-decrease workload
-increase contractility |
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What agents are used to increase contractility
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Positive inotropic agents
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How do positive inotropic agents work?
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- Increase influx of Ca
- B adrenoreceptor agonist |
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Problem with positive inotropic agents?
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- Don't improve survival
- can cause arrhythmias |
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What agents used to decrease workload?
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- B blockers
- Diuretics - Vasodilators |
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ACE inhibitor is and works how?
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- vasodilator
- prevents actions of angiotensin II |
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What are the actions of angiontensin II?
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vasoconstriction, increase aldosterone release which increases Na+ retention --> increasing water retention (thus blood vol)
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Ca entry blockers is and works how?
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- Vasodilator, decreases contractions and slows AV conduction
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What are diuretics used for?
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Treating odema associated with heart failure
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How do diuretics work?
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Increase Na+ excretion thus increase urine vol
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Adverse effect of diuretics?
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Hypokalemia which can lad to hypoglycemia
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Example of a diuretic
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Fruzemide (loop diuretic - most effective most side effects)
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