HeHi 3 - Test #1 HIV/AIDS

ex. AZT, d4T, 3TC, abacavir

Suppress productionof transcriptase and inhibit viral DNA synthesis

ex. tenofovir (only approved NtRTI)

difference between nucleatide and nucleaside is subtle and hopefully irrelevent for the purposes of this test

ex. efavirenz (EVP), nevirapine (NVP)

Acts in much the same way as NUKES, only the agent is a non-nucleaside

ex. Saguinavir, ritonicir, indiniacir, nelfinacir, amprenavir

blocks HIV protease from acting on the large HIV protein that must be broken apart for it to have its effect on the cell.

ex. enfurvirtide, T-20)

Prevents fusion of the virus and cell, thus preventing entry of the virus into the cell

Often used in individuals who are resistant to other drug therapies. Acts to inhibit the integration of HIV RNA in the t-cell's DNA. Prevents spread of infected cells

1. Diarrhea (some)
2. Nausea
3. Metabolic complications - impaired lipids, altered glucose metabolism, body fat redistribution, mitochondrial toxicity

1. Nausea
2. Rash (abacavir) - drug should be stopped and not readministered, because abacavir-induced hypersensitivity should be suspected
3. Hepatitis (NVP > EVP)
4. CNS toxicity (EVP), dizzines, aggravation, mental health complications, vivid dreams

1. Nausea
2. Peripheral neuropathy
3. Metabolic complications - body fat redistribution, mitochondrial toxicity, neuropathies

2 NUKES + either 1 Non-NUKE or a PI (boosted with ritonivir)

1. Folliculitis
2. Candida: oral, esophageal, rectal, vaginal, angular chelitis
3. Herpes simplex
4. Herpes zoster
5. Anal fistula
6. genital warts (HPV)
7. Diarrhea
8. Salmonella
9. Shigella Flexneri
10. Giardia Lamblia (Flagyl - watch ETOH)

1. Depression
2. Chronic disease model
3. Costs of therapy
4. Stigma
5. Support systems
6. Poly substance abuse
7. Correctional care - should condoms be distributed in a correctional facility?
8. Lifestyle contexts: STIs, pregnancy, sexual counseling, transgender care

1. Voluntary HIV testing a routine part of medical care
2. Implement new models for diagnosing HIV infections outside medical settings: bars, book stores, high crime areas
3. Prevent new infections by working with persons diagnosed with HIV and their partners
4. Decrease perinatal HIV transmission
5. Antiviral compounds applied topically to mucosal surfaces prior to (or after) intercourse

1. Anal health maintenance
2. Anal pap smears
3. Circumcision (uncircumcized men have an extra layer of mucous membrane)