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15 Cards in this Set
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Heredity
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the passing of traits from parent to offspring
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Trait(s)
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the physical characteristics of an organism (eye color, hair color, bone structure, personality)
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chromosome
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carries the information that controls DNA inherited characteristics
found inside the nucleus of an atom |
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nucleus
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where genetic material is found
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DNA
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carries the genetic information about an organism
AKA: genetic blueprint |
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gene(s)
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controls which traits an organism will express (show)
they come in pairs |
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allele(s)
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different form(s) of genes
A person might carry an allele for straight hair and allele for curly hair |
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dominant allele
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the trait that ALWAYS expresses itself in an organism
Genotype: G |
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recessive allele
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the trait that is expressed ONLY when the dominant trait is NOT present
Genotype: g |
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genotype
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a combination of alleles that determines a trait
Always shown as: Gg |
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phenotype
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the expression of a physical trait
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homozygous
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two genes that are alike
example: homozygous dominant GG or homozygous recessive gg |
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heterozygous
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two genes that are different
example: Gg |
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dominant trait
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a trait that always shows up in an organism
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recessive trait
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a trait that expresses itself ONLY when the dominant gene is NOT present
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