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50 Cards in this Set
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- Back
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what percentage of abnormalities are craniofacial?
when is the criticle time for development |
1/3 of all congenital deformities are craniofacial
weeks 4-10 are CRITICLE |
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name the facial prominences that surround the stomodeum at week 4
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frontonasal prominence: medial/superior
nasal plaquodes: thickenings on wither side of the frontonasal prominence Maxillary prominence: lateral/superior Mandibular Prominence: inferieor |
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what happens to the nasal plaquode as development continues
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becomes mroe prominent
central pit (becomes nostril)with medial and lateral prominences |
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what does the nasal pit become
|
nostril
|
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what is the "upper head" what prominence
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its the upside down triangle from the forehead to bridge of nose (not Eyes)
*frontonasal prominence |
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what happens to the area of the frontonasal prominence during development
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we know this is the "upper face" from forhead to bridge of nose
**this tissue is smuched together as the eyes rotate from the side of the head to the front |
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what is hypertelorism? what proninence
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the frontonasal sinus didnt get smuched and there is lots of tissue still
*wide forehead and eyes are really lateral **opposite of synothalmia, too much tissue is degraded and your eyes are all smushed |
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what is synopthalmia
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large loss of tissue from frontonasal prominence, no nose, eyes are really smuched together
its the opposite of hypertelorism |
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what prominences are involved in creating the upper lip and tip of nose
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medial nasal
maxillary |
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the medial nasal prominence gives rise to what adult structures?>
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nose (central bridge area)
philtrum of lip |
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what makes up the adult lip
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philtrum: medial nasal prominence
rest: maxillary prominence |
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hoe does the maxillary prominence grow>
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moves medially, touched lateral AND medial nasal prominence (labial groove where medial and maxillary meet)
*as the maxilla grows it puches the medial nasal prom closer together |
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what brings the 2 medial nasal promin together
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growth of the maxillary
*maxillary grows fast and medial, it contacts the median nasal at the labial groove, the labial groove continues superiorly as the nasolacrimal groove where the maxillary and lateral prom meet |
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Normal Fusion Points
1. Central 2. Labial grooves 3. Nasolacrimal |
central: where median nasals meet (due to maxillary growth)
Labial Grooves: maxillary meets median nasal Nasolacriimal: continuous with labial, where lateral nasal and maxillary meet |
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what happens when the labial groove doesnt form
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cleft palate
*more common in boys |
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what is Median cleft lip
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when central fusion doesnt occur, rare, split nose
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what is cleft lip
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labial grooves persist, no fision
**can occur with or without cleft palate **labial groove is there median and maxillary meet |
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faliure of fision of medial nasal and maxillary is caused by waht
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persistent labial groove, Cleft lip
**genetic or enviornment -anticonvulsant -vit a -corticosteriod anti inflammitory drigs |
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cleft lip, more common in bots or girls
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boys
|
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what makes up the laternal nose upper cheeck and lower orbit
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lateral prominence
maxillary |
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what does the lateral prominence give rise to
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lateral part of nose
*recall the middle bridge part is from medial promience |
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does the lateral nasal prominence give rise to the lip
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nope
*lip is just median nasal (philtrum) and maxillary |
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what is the labial groove continuous with
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Labial: median and maxillary
labial is continuous with nasolacrimal (maxillary and lateral prom) |
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where is the nasolacrimal duct located btwn
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btwn eye and mouth/upper lip where lateral nasal meets maxillary
|
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what are the adult derivativs of the nasolacrimal groove? how does it happen
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lacrimal sac, nasolacrimal duct
runs from eye to lip, then regressed and bone is laid down |
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what is an oblique facial cleft? UL or BL? from where to where
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failure of nasolacrimal duct to close
UL or BL medial eye to upper lip **recall the nasolacrimal duct is contunious with the labial dict |
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the mandibular prominence is involved in what structrues
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lower jaw
lower lip floor of oral cavity anterior tongue |
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what does the mandibular process do as the fetus matures
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receall weelk 4-10 are CRITICLE!
*the paired prominences grow toward each other and fuse |
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what is it called if you lack mandibular prominence, what if they are small
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lack: agnathia
small: micrognathia |
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so we know something happens if the labial groove fails to fuse or the nasolacrimal fails to close what about the central groove or mandibular
|
well, its pretty rare to not have fusion at midline
Failure of central: median clef lip failure of mandibular: lower cleft lip **BOTH ARE RARE!!!! |
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what initially closes the stomedeum?
then what happens |
buccopharyngeal membrane
then the membrane ruptures and the maxilla and mandibular prominenses zip together to close the big mouth **ZIP lateral to medial |
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is the mouth initially wide or thin?
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broad slit
**zipped by mandibular and maxillary prominence |
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what happens if we dont zip uo the mouth
what happens if we overzip |
transverse facial clefts
**the joker, mandibular nad maxillary didnt fuse OvER ZIP: microstomia Zippage occurs medial to lateral after hte buccopharyngeal membrane ruptures |
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What is a wide joker mouth
What is a tiny little oversipped mouth |
transverse facial clefts
microstomia |
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how does the nasal septum grow
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the frontonasal and fused medial nasal prominences grow inward
|
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how does the palate grow
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if you lay on the tonge and look up the front of the mouth is fused median nasal and the rest is maxillary
*lets jsut use these things and grow in together |
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what two prominences make up the palate, what is the distribution
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1. fused median nasal: makes the most anterior part, small area
2. Maxillary: maakes up the larger portion of the palate |
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what is the premaxilla, what part of palate
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its the area that holds its teeth
made of fused medial nasal septum |
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what are the 3 divisions of primary palate what prominence is it made from
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1. Philtrum: in vestibule, outside of teeth
2. premaxilla: where hte teeth are 3. palatal component: primary palate *fused medial nasal septum |
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what connects the palate and nasal septum anteriorly
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fused median nasal prominence
**palatal portion of premaxilla |
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what are the 3 divisiond of the maxillary prominence
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1. labial: lips/cheeks
2. Bony: upper jaw 3. palatal: R/L shelves grow medial |
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what is the primary plate
secondary |
primary: fused median nasal
secondary: maxillary (r/l grow medially) |
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when is the criticle period for palatogenesis
what is the criticle period for face development |
Palatogenesis: 6-9
Face: 4-10 |
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what things fuse in palatogenesis
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primary palate (medial nasal septum, premaxilla)
secondayr palate (maxillary) NASAL SEPTUM |
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what type of palate?
ant to incisive canal post to incisive canal |
ant: primary
post: secondary |
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so the critecal time to palate foration is when...
when is average |
6-9
avg 7 |
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what was more common in boys
what is more common in girls |
boys: clof lip
girls; clef palate |
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the secondary palate is only called such when the palates close, how does it do this
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front to back
|
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what do the seconsayr palate shelves do
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they rotate horizontal above the tongue
|
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what can cause cleft palate
|
1. inadequate growth of palatal shelves
2. failure of shelves to elevate at the same time 3. failure of shelves to fuse |
