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41 Cards in this Set

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Main blood supply of foregut?
Celiac trunk
Main blood supply of midgut?
Superior mesenteric artery
Main blood supply of hindgut?
Inferior mesenteric artery
How is the start of development of the small intestine?
Develop as an physiological hernia (to umbilical cord) due to lack of space in abdominal cavity
When does the physiological hernia return to abd. cavity?
In 10th week
Rotation of the intestinal loop?
270 degrees rotation - around superior mesenteric artery axis (SEE PICTURE TO UNDERSTAND)
What happens to the cranial and caudal limb of intestinal loop?
1. Cranial limb elongate
2. Caudal loop stay the same - BUT rotate over the cranial limb and develop to transverse colon which overlie the small intestines
The hindgut / cloaca is divided into 2 parts by ?
Urorectal septum
The hindgut / cloaca is divided into 2 parts, which?
Ventral and dorsal cloaca
Ventral cloaca becomes?
Urogenital sinus
Dorsal cloaca becomes?
Rectum + cranial part of anal canal
The urogenital septum grows towards?
Cloacal membrane
When does urogenital septum fuse with cloacal membrane?
Week 7
When urogenital sinus fuse with cloaca - 2 new membranes appear?
1. Ventral urogenital membrane
2. Dorsal anal membrane
When does the urogenital and anal membranes rupture?
Week 8 - but may be a congenital abnormality
Tell about upper 2/3 of anal canal?
Derived from endoderm. Part of hindgut. Gut epithelium
Tell about lower 1/3 of anal canal?
Derived from ectoderm. Part of proctoderm. Stratified epithelium
Name of border between endo & ectoderm in anal canal?
Pectinate line
First part of histogenesis of GIT mucosa?
1. Endodermal epithelium proliferate
2. Occlude lumen
3. Recanalize in 10th week
Recanalization of GIT tract?
10th week
How are crypts of lieberkuhn formed?
Between villi in intestinal tract, stratified ep. growsinto underlying mesenchyme.

Under recanalization, the mesenchymal tissue become the crypts
Differentiation of intestinal mucosa start in?
Cranio-caudal direction from small intestine
Histogenesis of intestinal villi?
- Mesenchymal core produce villi
- Villi covered by columnar epithelium
- Epithelial cells differentiate
Histogenesis between the intestinal villi?
Strat. ep grow into underlying mesenchyme
--> Fingerlike projections made that recanalize
When does villi & crypt histogenesis start in large intestine?
4th month
Why does villi dissapear in large intestine?
Because proliferation of mesenchyme between them
-> But crypts increase in size
Intestinal TMexterna differentiate from?
Splanchnic mesoderm:
- Inner: 5th week
- Outer: 3rd month
When does peristaltic movements in large intestine start?
3rd month
When does digestive enzymes secretion start in large bowel?
5th month
Name of baby first poop?
Meconium
4 types of underdevelopment of intestines`
- Agenesis
- Atresia
- Aplasia
- Stenosis
What is agenesis?
Not developeed
What is atresia?
Occlusion post recanalization
What is aplasia?
Displacement
What is stenosis?
Incomplete recanalization
2 types of overdevelopment of intestines?
1. Duplication
2. Diverticulums
2 types of embryonic persistence in small intestines?
1. Cloaca persistance
2. Meckel´s diverticulum
What is cloacal persistnce
Urinary and rectum have a common output
What is meckel´s diverticulum?
Remnants of vitelline duct
Function of vitelline duct that becomes meckels diverticulum?
Connect yolk sac with midgut of fetus
3 positioning abdnormalities of intestine development?
1. Persistent physiological hernia
2. Persistent vitelline duct
3. Weird rotation => Gangrene