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64 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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anatomic position
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standing erect, arms at the side, eyes and palms facing forward
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supine
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On back face up
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prone
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lying face down, hand palm down
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pronation
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the act of turning face or palm down
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supination
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the act of turning face or hand palm up
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body plane
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flat surface cut through the body in normal anatomic position
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frontal (coronal) plane
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vertical front and back
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midsagittal (medial) plane
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equal vertical right and left portions
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vertical sagittal plane
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right and left
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transverse plane
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horizonal upper and lower
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directional terms
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Describe the relationship of an area with respect to rest of the body
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anterior (ventral)
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front of body
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external (superficial)
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on or near surface
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medial
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midline or middle
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palmar
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palm of hand
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proximal
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nearest center of body, orgin, point of attachment
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superior (cranial)
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higher or above toward the head
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posterior (dorsal)
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back of body
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internal (deep)
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within or near center of body
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lateral
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toward the side
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plantar
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sole of foot
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distal
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farthest from center of body, orgin, or point of attachment
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inferior (caudal)
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beneath or lower or away from head
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What are body cavities?
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organs housed in large hollow spaces
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dorsal cavities
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back of body (includes cranial and spinal)
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cranial cavity
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houses the brain
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spinal cavity
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encases the spinal cord
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Ventral Cavities
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front of body (includes thoracic, abdominal, pelvic)
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thoracic cavity houses?
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heart and lungs
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abdominal cavity houses
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stomach, liver, pancreas, gallbladder, spleen, kidneys, and pelvic cavity
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pelvic cavity houses
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urinary bladder, reproductive organs
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homeostasis
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standing the same -state of equilibrium or balance
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metabolism
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sum of all physical and chemical reactions necessary to sustain life. 2 processes 'catabolism' and 'anabolism'
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catabolism
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destructive process by which complex substances are broke down to simple substances , usually with the release of energy
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anabolism
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constructive process by which the body coverts simple compounds into complex substances needed to carry out celluar activities
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tissues
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groups of similar cells that work together to form a special function. 4 basic types connective, epitheal, muscle, nerve
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What does connective tissue do?
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It supports and connects all body parts
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skeletal system
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framework that gives the body shape and support, provides movement and storage (Calcium)
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hematopoiesis or hemopoiesis
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production of red blood cells normally occurs in bone marrow
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flat bones
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rib , most skull(cranial), hip
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irregular bones
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back bones (vertebrae) , some facial
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long bones
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leg (femur, tibia, fibula), arm (humerus, radius, ulna), hand (metacarpals, phalanges)
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short bones
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wrist (carpals) ankle (tarsals)
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Which bones are important in capillary blood collection
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distal phalanx(finger) and calcaneus (Heel)
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synovial fluid
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viscid colorless liquid in joint cavity
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Muscle Types:
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Skeletal, Visceral,Cardiac
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Skeletal Muscles are attached to?
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Bones
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Voluntary (conscious) muscle movement
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Skeletal
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Involuntary (unconscious) muscle movement
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Cardiac & Visceral Muscle
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Epidermis
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Outermost and thinnest skin layer
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Dermis (corium or true skin)
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Inner, thickest layer of the skin
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Subcutaneous
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Connects skin to muscles and bone (Means “Under the skin”)
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Nervous System Structural divisions
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Central nervous system (CNS) & Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
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Central Nervous System (CNS)
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Consists of brain and spinal cord (Command center)
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Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
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Connects CNS to every part of the body
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The Endocrine system is:
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Glands that secrete hormones into the blood stream
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Pituitary (master gland)
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Secretes hormones that control other glands
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The digestive system?
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Body takes in food, breaks it down then eliminates the waste. (You eat, you digest it, you shit)
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Digestive System Structures?
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Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines, Anus
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The 5 main female reproductive organs?
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vagina, cervix, fallopian tubes, ovaries & Uterus
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The 6 main male reproductive organs?
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Penis, epididymis, scrotum, testies, vas deferens, prostate
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The urinary system?
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Filters waste from blood, makes urine
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Urinary system structures?
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2 kidneys, 2 ureters, bladder & urethrea
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Gas exchange is what?
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Where the lungs trade Co2 fo O2
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