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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Myology
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The study of the muscular system.
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Endomysium
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Thin sleeve of loose connective tissue that surrounds each muscle fiber.
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Perimysium
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Thicker connective tissue that wraps muscle fibers together in bundles.
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Fascicles
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Bundles of muscle fibers wrapped together, visible to the naked eye as "grains".
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Epimysium
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Fibrous sheath that surround the entire muscle.
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Fascia
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Sheet of connective tissue that seperates neighboring muscles or muscle groups from each other and from the subcutaneous tissue.
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Fusiform muscles
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Thick in the middle and tapered at each end. Include biceps brachii and gastrocnemius.
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Parallel muscles
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Farily uniform width and parallel fasicles. Include rectus abdominis, sartorius and zygomaticus major.
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Triangular muscles
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Fan shaped broad at the origin and converging toward a narrower insertion. Include temporalis and pectoralis major.
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Pennate muscles
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Feather shaped. Include Rectus femoris (bipennate) and deltoid (multipennate).
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Circular muscles
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Forms ring around certain body openings. Includes orbicularis oculi.
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Indirect attachement
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muscle ends conspicuously short ot its bondy destination
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Tendon
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bridges the gap between muscle and bone
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Aponeurosis
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tendon formed in a broad sheet
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Retinanculum
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band of connectvie tissue that a group of tendons passses under
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Direct attachement
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Little seperation between muscle and bone
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Origin
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Bony site of attachment at the relatively stationary end
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Insertion
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attachment site at the more mobile end
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Belly
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the thicker middle region between the origin and the insertion
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Action
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the effect by a muscle to produce or prevent a movement
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Prime mover
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produces most of the force during a particular joint action
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Synergist
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muscle that aids the prime mover
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Antagonist
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the muscle that opposes that prime mover
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Antagonistic pair
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muscles that act on opposite ends of a joint
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Fixator
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muscle that prevents bone from moving
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Intrinsic muscle
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entirely contained within a paricular region, having both origin and insertion there
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Extrinisc muscle
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acts upon a designated region but has its origin elsewhere
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Innervation of the muscle
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identity of the nerve the stimulates it
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Intermuscular septa
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thick fasciae
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Skeletal Muscle
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holds the body erect against the pull of gravity and produces its outwardly visible movements
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Voluntary
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Skeletal muscle, subject to conscious control
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Involuntary
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Smooth muscle, and cardiac muscle, not under conscious control and are never attached to bones
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Sarcolemma
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plasma membrane of a muscle fiber
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Sacroplasm
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cytoplasm of sacrolemma
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Myofibrils
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long protein bundles that occupy sarcoplasm
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Glycogen
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Starchlike carbohyrate that provides energy for the cell
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Myoglobin
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red pigment which stores oxygen untill needed for activity
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Myoblasts
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stem cells that contribute a nucleus to each muscle fiber
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Satellite Cells
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unspecialized muscle cells between the muscle fiber and endomysium
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Sarcoplasmic reticulum
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forms a network around each myofibril
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