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9 Cards in this Set
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5 causes of hypoK
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1. decreased intake (malnutrition - EtOHic, e.g.)
2. Increased losses (Diuretics, vomiting (loses H+ and so kidney wastes K+), Diarrhea) 3. alkolosis |
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EKG changes in hypoK
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1. QT prolongation
2. U waves 3. Torsades |
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Most important thing to give if hypoK
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MAGNESIUM. Don't ever try to give one without the other
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Loading dose of Mag
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2 gm/1 hour
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calculating K deficit in hypoK
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Every 0.3 mEq/L drop below 3.5 requires 100 mEq of KCl
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Rate of repletion
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10 and 20/hr are equally safe, but 20 burns more. Best if you can replete orally.
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To treat hypoCa, must give Ca and ___
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Mag
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How to replete Ca
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10 cc of 10% CaGluc over 10 min (contains 90 mg Ca), may repeat x1, lasts about 5 hours
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Most important Emergency reasons for hypoCa
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1. Hydrofluric acid
2. pancreatitis 3. Massive transfusion 4. Ethylene Glycol 5. hypomagnesemia |
