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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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civilization
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societty that is capable of: urban ocieties, complicated institutions, technologically advances, monumental architectures.
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Urban societies
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cities, can build
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complicated institutions
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religion, economics and politics
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technologically advanced
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tools: computer or wrench
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monumental architectures
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huge buildings
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ethnocentric
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to judge others by standards of own group
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syncretism
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mixing the ideas or beliefs
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temporal chouvnism
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(time) (biased/prejudice)
to judge people of the pst by the judgments of the present |
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environmental determinism
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everythigng in human history (music, skin color, politics) ave been influenced by the relationships of the environment
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The rise of the west took place in what century?
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19th century
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What did the Chinese do in the 15th century?
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they sent fleets all around the world and then was the dominating nation.
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What happened with the Europeans in Europe?
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Europe was a terrible place to live so the Europeans became exploreres and they couldn't wait to explore and settle in the world.
In the meantime, China was a great place to live. |
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Why did the western society start to take a great jump?
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Industrialism
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Which was the first industrializing country?
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Western europe
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Industrialism
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economy is based on the ability to mass production
Answer: cost, saving, machinery All the technology is to make humanity efficient. |
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What influences mass consumerism?
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advertising influences mass consumerism
United states is the highest consumer country China helps the US to keep their economy-> mass consumerism |
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Mass consumering = ?
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=mass industrialization
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What were the problems with industrialism?
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agricultural society vs. industrial society
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What was the first industiralized nation?
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Britain
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What do you need to be an industrialized nation?
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resources (fuel- coal)
money (a lot - ventric capitalism - slave trade) labor (cheap-enclosure movement) business friendly government |
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What was the Enclosure Movement
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When the government sold the commons to the wealthy.
They believed that the wealthy or fewer people would use the land more efficently. This then drives the small owners to leave to the town and become cheap labor. |
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What was the first industrialized institution?
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textile industry- spinning jenny
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Besides railrays, which was the best form of transportation?
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Steam Engine
James Watt improved the steam engine Portable power - machine running = factories steam ships = transport = marketing mass production = mass consumerism = mass market |
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When did industrialism spread to Europe
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beginning 19th century
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Nationalism?
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political system that convinces a large number of diverse people tht they are all the same people
Which then exploits mass marketing/ consumerism |
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Problems in Britain?
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serious environmental problems:
posionouss waste, no regulations live in bad homes prostitution, very high numbers included homeless women in the older 30-40s. had children, had husband and alcohol |
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Why was alcohol cheap in britain?
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Government subsidize alcohol...
which lowered the potential for revolution |
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socialism
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political economic system
belief that everybody in a state should have a minimal share/standard of living tax the rich to support the poor California is one of the most socialist states |
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Who was Karl Marx?
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German Socialist, he gets kicked our of Germany and lands in london in 1820s
Created communism, sees the worset in industrialism and then comes up with a communism theory we never had a marxism communist country |
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What was the struggle between the Bourgeousie and Proletallate?
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Bourgeousie - wealth and property
Proletallate - working class Bourgeousie wanted to divide the Proletallate so they can go against each other and keep Bourgeousie in power |
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What are the 3 stages every society goes through?
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capitalism, socialism, and communism
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how can we mass produce and lower the prices?
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Cut overhead: cut wages
Eventually will be bankrupt and collapse After capitalism collapses, the Proletallate will rise. |
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What was a response to the Industrialization?
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Marxist communism
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What hasn't industrialization spread to America?
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Manifest Destiny
God given right to colonized America Spread all over North America and to occupy it with civilization So then they could send representatives to D.C |
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1820? What compromised?
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Missouri COmpromise balances the north and south
Missouri = Maine |
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1860? What war?
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Civil War.
Presidential Election: Abraham Lincoln. Maintains the union untial 1863 topic of slavery comes in. |
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What brought a positive outlook towards Industrialization in 1840s?
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Immigration
Came mostly from northwest europe (The english and Irish) 1860s, Irish came because of the potato famine, they worked on railways Chinese were recruited for cheap labor |
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Who immigrated to America in the 1880s?
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South and Central Europe (Italians, jews, polish, germans)
Germans are the largest populated immigrant group |
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1882 What act?
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Immigration act attempted to halt and restrict immigrants from China but wanted Curopans
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Problems of industrialism in America?
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Inequality of wealth
Mark Twain called it the Gilded Age during the late 1900s Andrew Carniegie - steel John B Rockefeller - oil - first billionaire Industrialism took up all the land and used all the resources |
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What was the 1896 Census?
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Urban = 52%
Rural = 48% it was the end of the frontier |
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Transcentalism
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Ralph Waldo Emersion and Henry David Thoreau
argued that we need nature and it is a part of culture. Yellowstone National Park was the 1st national park Central park is famous |
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Frederick Jackson Turner 1898, The Importance of the Frontier in American Theory
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Said that we are the result of the Frontier
John Muir, 1st strong component of conservation said we ned to preserve nature and fought for Yosemite park Established the Sierra Club |
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What were the preservationists / Conservationists?
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Preservationists: protect nature for nature's sake.
Conservationists: believes nature needs to be used and maintain/ use nature responsibly John Muir was a preservationist |
