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14 Cards in this Set

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What is the function of the Immune System?
To remove foreign antigens such as viruses and bacteria to maintain homeostasis
What is natural immunity?
nonspecific first lineof host defense against and resistance to infection
What is the function of a monocyte?
Function as phagocytic cells, engulfing, ingesting, and destroying greater numbers and quanities of foreign bodies or toxins than granulocytes.
What percentage of T Cells are in the body?
60% to 70% of lymphocytes in the blood are T cells, and 10% to 20% are B cells
What happens during the inflammatory response?
Chemical mediators assist this response by minimizing blood loss, walling off the invading organism, activating phagocytes, and promoting formation of fibrous scar tissue and regeneration of injured tissue.
What is included in physical surface barriers?
Intact skin, mucous membranes, and cilia of the respiratory tract, which prevents pathogens from gaining access to the body
What does the cilia do?
Filters and clear pathogens from the upper respiratory tract before they can invade the body further
What are chemical barriers?
Mucus, acidic gastric secretions, enzymes in tears and saliva, and substances in sebaceous and sweat secretions, act in a nonspecific way to destroy invading bacteria and fungi.
What can cause a disfunction in the natural immune system?
The immune components are inactivated or when they remain active long after their effects are beneficial.
What type of research is being done about immunoregulation?
Preventing graft rejection and aiding the body in eliminating cancerous or infected cells.
Can natural immunity combat all infections?
No. Many pathogenic microbes have evolved that resist natural immunity.
What is acquired immunity?
Develops as a result of prior exposure to an antigen through immunization or by contracting a disease that generates a protective immune response.
What two mechanisms is acquired immunity divided into?
1. The cell- mediated response, involving T cell activation, 2. Effector mechanisms, involving B cell maturation and production of antibodies.
What is active acquired immunity?
The immunologic defenses developed by the person's own body. It lasts many years or even a lifetime