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29 Cards in this Set

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3 Roles of the Immune System
1) Defense against infections
2) Recognize and respond to tissue grafts/ new proteins
3) Defense against tumors
What types of cells are involved in the Innate System?
- epithelial barriers
- phagocytes
- cytokines
- complement system
- NK cells
What type of epitopes do B cells recognize?
- linear and non linear of many types of molecules
what type of epitopes do T cells recognize
- linear peptide epitopes of a certain length
What types of protective immunity are available for extracellular microbes?
- Ab
- Complement system
- phagocytosis
- IgA Ab
- Antimicrobial peptides
What types of protective immunity are available for microbes in the cytoplasm?
- Cytotoxic T cells
- NK cells
What types of protective immunity are available for microbes within vessicles?
- activated macrophages
The humoral adaptive immunity attacks what type of microbe? what type of cell does this?
- extracellular
- B lymphocytes: Ab
The Cell-mediated adaptive immunity attacks what type of microbe? what type of cell does this?
- Microbes within vessicles by CD4+ (helper)
- Microbes within the cytoplasm by CD8+ (cytotoxic)
What is Active Immunity?
- natural infection/immunization/ vaccination
- specific and creates memory cells
What is passive immunity?
- Ab from mother, artificial by injection
- specific but does not create memory cells
What are the 7 features of the adaptive immune system?
- specific
- diverse
- memory
- clonal expansion
- specialization
- contraction/ homeostasis
- non reactivity to self
Compare primary and secondary responses
- primary response is the first time a naive cell comes across its specific Ag
-->responds but takes a while to get activated cells and launch a response

- secondary response: memory cells respond to the Ag
--> faster, stronger, and longer immune response
What are the different types of APCs?
- dendritic cells
- macrophages
- follicular dendritic cells
- B cells
What do follicular dendritic cells for?
- display Ag to B lymphocytes in humoral immune response
What are the effector cells of B lymphocytes called?
- plasma cells
What are the effector functions of the B lymphocyte?
- neutralization
- phagocytosis
- complement activation
What are the effector functions of CD4/Helper T?
- activate macrophages
- inflammation
- activation/proliferation of T/B lymphocytes
What are the effector functions of CD8/Cytolytic T?
- killing infected cell
Where do the B/T lymphocytes mature?
- primary lymphoid organs
--T cell in Thymus
--B cell in Bone marrow
(mature but naive)
What are the peripheral lymphoid organs?
- lymph nodes
- spleen
- mucosal and cutaneous lymphoid tissue
What occurs in the peripheral lymphoid organs?
- Where mature and naive lymphocytes encounter their specific Ag and become effector cells
What area of the thymus do T cells mature?
- cortex
What area do the B lymphocytes go in the lymph node?
- Follicles in the cortex
- proliferating B cells go into the germinal center within the follicle
What are do the T lymphocytes go in the lymph node?
- paracortex
Where do T lymphocytes go in the spleen?
- PALS (around central artery)
Where do B lymphocytes go in the spleen?
- marginal zone (germinal center within)
- follicle is off of the central artery
What type of B lymphocyte is produced in the mucosal immune system?
- IgA
What are the phases of the adaptive immune response?
- recognition
- activation
- Ag elimination
- contraction (Apoptosis)
- memory