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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the two types of antibiotics?
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Bacteriocidal - kills bacteria
Bacteriostatic - prevents repication |
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What are the 4 mechanisms of action for antibiotics?
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1. Inhibition of cell wall synthesis, causing cell wall to weaken and break open
2. Disruption of membrane permeability resulting in loss of necessary bacterial metabolic substrates 3. Inhibition of protein synthesis within bacteria 4. Inhibition of bacterial synthesis of essential metabolites usually by competitive inhibition |
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What are the main classes of antibiotics?
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Beta-lactans (bacteriocidal)
Macrolides (bacteriostatic) Quinolines (bacteriocidal) Tetracylines (bacteriostatic) Metronidazole (anaerobic bacteria) |
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Mechanism of action of beta-lactams?
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Bacteriocidal action - inhibiting cell wall synthesis
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Name the 3 sub categories of beta-lactams
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Penicillins
Cephalosporins Carbapenams |
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What are some adverse effects of beta-lactams?
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Diarrhoea
Nausea Vomiting Headache Sore tongue/mouth Candida Allergic reactions |
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What are macrolides indicated for?
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Respiratory tract infections
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What are some examples of macrolides?
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Erythromycin
Roxithromycin Clarithrymycin |
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What are the adverse effects from taking macrolides?
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GIT effects
Lethargy Dizziness Rash Candida |
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What is the mechanism of action of quinolones?
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Interferes with topoisomerase II, which is the enzyme responsible for supercoiling of DNA
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What are some nutrient/drug interactions that exist with antibiotics?
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Probiotics - positive, reduce side effects
B vitamins- negative, antibiotics reduce endogenous production, supplement |
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What are some nutrient/drug interactions that exist with quinolones?
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Quercetin - may reduce drug effects
Ca, Fe, ZN, Mg - reduce drug absorption, separate dose |
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What are some herb/drug interactions that exist with quinolones?
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Chinese dandelion - reduces absorption & bioavailability
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What are some nutrient/drug interactions that exist with tetracyclines?
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B12 - reduce drug absorption
Ca, Fe, Zn, Mg - reduce absorption Vit A- exacerbate side effects |
