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All answers to the questions are what you type exactly at the terminal prompt (whichever one you use) for a linux machine. follow the cards in order.
This includes, debian packages, mandrake, linux red hat, Ubuntu, opensuse, and all other flavors of linux. Taylored towards RedHat, These are the basic bash scripting commands to get you though any machine. follow the cards in order.
change to the root user.
su
root
or
sudo
root (for ubuntu)
where are the passwords kept? show them.
Cat /ect/passwd
change directory
cd
list the contents of a directory or folder with the ' ? ' command
ls -a
ls -l
man ls
What is bash scripting
the linux way of talking to hardware and software through commands. based off of Unix. crated by Linus Torvalds with the help of others world wide. It's FREE. Read his philosophy about GNU.
show the directory for your newly created passwords. (must be a root to see this)
Cat /ect/shadow
See the manual options for the function ‘useradd’ to add a user in Linux.
Man useradd
Add a user with a comment
useradd -c "joe schmo" joe
List all of joe’s newly created files.
ls -a joe/
show all the available info on the list command in two different ways
man ls
info ls
print the working directory that you are in. (if you get lost while typing commands)
pwd

gives the full path of where you are
go up one directory
cd directoryname
or
cd ..
Check to see the comment was added to joe’s name
cat /ect/passwd
Where is the user account information kept
cat /ect/password
Where is the secure user account info kept
cat /ect/shadow
Where is the group information kept
cat /ect/group
Completely remove a user
(this will not remove all the uses files saved but will remove all user info)
userdel –r joe
Modiy a users logon name to a different logon name for joe.
Usermod –l joe joeschmo
Change the password for a user.
chpasswd username
To create multiple passwords for multiple users
create a TXT file with the usernames and passwords in this fashion…
username:Password
username2:passWord2
username3:paSSword3
save and name the TXT file then go to the terminal prompt and type cat passwordtxtfilename it will show your entire txt file in the terminal window. Then type chpasswd < pwlist
DELETE the txt file,
rm passwordtxtfilename
and clear the screen.
Create an alias for the commonly used remove function.
alias rm=rm -i
list all the files in lisa's directory.
cd lisa
ls -al
create a group called projectX then add users to that group. check your work.
groupadd -r ProjectX
usermod -g ProjectX bob, candy
cat /ect/group
check to see all the groups bob is a part of.
groups bob
show/list all the permissions or 'modes' a user has
ls -l username r = read w= write x= execute
change file permissions for a group to simply read permissions
cd groupname
chmod g-w
chmod g+r
(g-w takes away the write permission)
erase all other permissions then add just read and write permissions to the projectX group. on a file
cd projectX
chmod g=rw filename
permissions or ''modes'' usually end in mod with a command. example.
ch usually means change.
example.
chmod g
usermod username

chmod = change permissions for the group. (the +add or -subtract privileges)

or in linux talk change the 'mode' of the group
copy a file in your directory
cp filename.txt filename2.txt
(filename2 is just what I want to name the new copy)
You must have read and write permissions on both the...
directory the file is in...
and the file itself in that directory.
make a directory called projX 'i suppose this would be a folder in windows but don't quote me on that'
mkdir projX
change ownership to bob in the ProjectX group and set read and write permissions for the projX folder (directory)
chowner bob.projectX projX/
chmod g=rwe projX/
ls -l
(lists the permissions)
remove the projX directory
rmdir projX
if you are already in a group or create a group and you create a directory you don't have to go through the steps before.
create a group call projectX AND
create a directory called projX IN BOB's NAME (with bobs permissions)
su bob
newgrp projectX
mkdir projX/
ls -l
make bob the admin of a particular group called ProjectX
gpasswd -A bob
add some users to the projectX group
gpasswd -a alice, jim projectX
(YEAH, linux is case sensitive, lowercase -a means add, uppercase -A means ADMIN)
remove jimmy from the projectX group
gpasswd -d jimmy
check who is in the projectX group
cat /ect/group
take away all read privileges from jimmys file called FunFacts so that others who are are not in jimmys personal group cant read it
chmod o-r FunFacts
Useradd
Userdel
Usermod
add user
delete user
usermod -G modify groups a user is in.
groupadd
add a group use -r for private groups or man groupadd or options
gpasswd
man gpasswd
gpasswd -A add ADMIN privs.
gpasswd -a add a user
gpasswd -d delete a user
chmod
chown
change the mode or permissions of a user.
change the owner of a file.
User Private groups was the concept in this section in case you need to look this up later
the end