- Shuffle
Toggle OnToggle Off
- Alphabetize
Toggle OnToggle Off
- Front First
Toggle OnToggle Off
- Both Sides
Toggle OnToggle Off
Front
How to study your flashcards.
Right/Left arrow keys: Navigate between flashcards.right arrow keyleft arrow key
Up/Down arrow keys: Flip the card between the front and back.down keyup key
H key: Show hint (3rd side).h key
PLAY BUTTON
PLAY BUTTON
93 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Name the four parameters that define an instrument's space in the stereo field.
|
1. volume
2. pan 3. distance [depth] 4. frequency spectrum |
|
The four parameters that define an instrument's space in the stereo field are interrelated. What does this really mean?
|
. . . adjusting one probably means that you'll need to adjust the others.
|
|
When you open the Inspector, at the bottom you see two channel strips.
a) What is the name for the one on the right, and b) What is it for? |
a) Output 1-2 channel strip
b) This is the channel strip on which you're mixing your tracks. |
|
In which direction does a channel strip's signal flow?
|
. . . from top to bottom.
|
|
Why is the order of the channel strip's processing plug-in important?
|
. . . because it changes their combined effect on the instrument's sound.
|
|
From top to bottom, trace the path of an audio signal through the mixer's channel strip.
|
1. one or more processing plug-ins
2. Pan 3. volume fader 4. output selected in the I/O section |
|
How to you change a plug-in's position from one Insert slot to another in the channel strip?
|
Command-drag
|
|
shortcut keystrokes to copy a channel strip setting. . .
|
Option-Command-C
|
|
shortcut keystrokes to paste a channel strip setting to another channel strip. . .
|
Option-Command-V
|
|
A prime consideration when mixing is to avoid. . .
|
. . . distortion
|
|
If you follow good mixing practice, you'll adhere to two basic guidelines. What are they?
|
1. Keep all track level meters below 0 dBFS.
2. Ensure that clip detectors don't turn red. |
|
Why can't you rely on detecting audible distortion when mixing?
|
Clipping a channel does not always produce audible distortion.
|
|
Name three factors that will influence your perception as to the loudness of an instrument in the mix.
|
1. Pan position
2. EQ 3. Mixing in other instruments |
|
How do you select adjacent channel strips in the Mixer?
|
Drag across the adjacent channel strip labels.
|
|
Two steps to solo multiple adjacent channel strips.
|
1. Drag across the bottom of the adjacent channel strip labels.
2. Click the Solo button on any one of the channel strips. |
|
Give *one* way to mix a drum set.
|
1. Using the Kick drum as a reference, set it at 0 dB.
2. Turn all other drums down. 3. Slowly raise each drum individually until levels are right. |
|
How do you deselect adjacently selected channel strips?
|
Click on the channel strip label of any one of them.
|
|
Channel strips 1 thru 5 are collectively selected but not grouped. You move the volume fader down on channel strip #3. What happens?
|
The volume faders of the other selected channel strips also move down.
|
|
When selecting a channel strip, where's the recommended spot to click on and why?
|
. . . on the label so that you don't accidentally change any settings.
|
|
shortcut to set a volume fader to 0 dB. . .
|
. . . Option-click the volume fader
|
|
You want the Cycle area to encompass the end of one region and part of the next. How do you do this?
|
1. Use the Marquee tool to select the end of one region and part of the next.
2. Press Control-' [apostrophe] and the Cycle area will match the Marquee selection. |
|
How do you undo a Marquee selection?
|
. . . click in the background of the Arrange area.
|
|
Where on the channel strip is the Group slot located?
|
It's the lowest slot in the I/O section.
|
|
How do you assign several channel strips to a Group?
|
1. Select the channel strips
2. Click on the Group slot in the I/O section. 3. Select Group number from the pop-up. |
|
Visually, how can you tell if you're looking at grouped channel strips?
|
The Group slot will display a yellow Group number. If you named the Group, the Group number will be followed by a colon and a Group name.
|
|
You've soloed five grouped channel strips. They, as a group, have been deselected.
a) How do you unsolo any one of them? b) How do you unsolo all of them at once? |
a) Click its Solo button
b) Option-click the Solo button of any channel strip in the group. |
|
Explain how raising/lowering the volume fader on grouped channel strips works.
|
It changes the volume of the group as a whole while preserving the relative volume of each.
|
|
How do you implement a Marquee playback position?
|
Go to the position from which you want playback to start and hold down the Marquee tool [in the region or background] for about a second until it creates a thin vertical white line in the region.
|
|
How do you clear a Marquee playback position?
|
Click in the background of the Arrange area.
|
|
Just so you can approximate placement in the stereo field, how does the range of Pan values from -64 thru +63 roughly correspond to the hours 9:00 thru 3:00 on a clock?
|
+63 3:00
+44 2:00 +22 1:00 [zero 12:00] -22 11:00 -44 10:00 -64 9:00 |
|
Does a mono channel strip have a Pan or a Balance control?
|
Pan
|
|
Does a stereo channel strip have a Pan or a Balance control?
|
Balance
|
|
Why is the term Pan more correctly associated with a mono signal?
|
. . . because Pan determines the position of a mono signal in a stereo field.
|
|
Why is the term Balance more correctly associated with a stereo signal?
|
Stereo channel strip sends separate signals to L and R channels. Adjusting the Balance knob sends less signal to one side.
|
|
A possible alternative to boosting an instrument's level in the mix would be to . . .
|
. . . adjust its EQ
|
|
How do you insert a Channel EQ into an Insert slot?
|
. . . double-click the EQ area near the top of the channel strip.
|
|
How many bands of EQ does the Channel EQ have?
|
Eight
|
|
By default, which two EQ bands on the Channel EQ are turned OFF?
|
. . . the first and last
|
|
In the Channel EQ, the section below the graphic section is called the _________ section.
|
parameter
|
|
The parameter section of the Channel EQ contains three fields. Name them.
|
1. Frequency
2. Gain/Slope 3. Q |
|
Where are the settings for each EQ band displayed?
|
. . . in the parameter section [below the EQ band]
|
|
Below each EQ band there are three parameters. Collectively they are known as __ ____ ______.
|
EQ Band Fields
|
|
By default, does the frequency analyzer display the frequency spectrum pre- or post EQ?
|
Post EQ
|
|
In the Channel EQ, how can you toggle an EQ band on/off?
|
. . . by clicking on the button at the top of the band
|
|
The Analyzer button is ON in the Channel EQ. What is the name of the moving display in the window?
|
. . . the frequency spectrum curve
|
|
You can shape a selected EQ band by using one of two general methods. What are they?
|
1. . . . by dragging vertically on one of its parameters in the EQ band field
2. . . . by dragging the mouse pointer on the graphic display |
|
A green dot appears as you place your mouse pointer on the the zero line in the Channel EQ? What's the dot called?
|
. . . pivot point
|
|
As you drag horizontally in the area of the EQ band of the Channel EQ, what parameter are you adjusting?
|
. . . the frequency
|
|
As you drag vertically in the area of the EQ band of the Channel EQ, what parameter are you adjusting?
|
. . . the gain
|
|
In order to adjust the gain by dragging in the Channel EQ, where must the mouse pointer be placed?
|
. . . in the background away from the pivot point
|
|
In the Channel EQ, how are the movements of the mouse pointer and the settings in the parameter section interrelated?
|
. . . an adjustment in one area updates the other.
|
|
In order to adjust the Q by dragging in the Channel EQ, where must the mouse pointer be placed?
|
. . . on the pivot point
|
|
The drums in a set have had their volume parameters linked since the group was created. You want to adjust the Snare fader level independently of the set. How do you temporarily disable the link?
|
. . . Command-G [Group Clutch]
|
|
The volume parameter of a group was temporarily disabled to make an independent adjustment. How can the link be restored?
|
. . . Command-G [Group Clutch]
|
|
Why is it not a good idea to insert a reverb plug-in into each instrument's channel strip?
|
. . . requires a lot of processing power.
|
|
The term 'aux' is short for . . .
|
. . . auxiliary channel
|
|
Reverbs are set up by sending some of the instrument's signal to a(n) ___ channel strip.
|
aux
|
|
A virtual audio cable is known as a . . .
|
. . . bus
|
|
What's the purpose of a bus?
|
. . . to route the audio signal from one channel strip to another
|
|
The first step in creating an 'aux' is to create a connection from the instrument's channel strip to an aux. How do you create this connection?
|
. . . by clicking on Send in the instrument's channel strip.
|
|
In order to create an aux channel, you first click on a Send slot, you then choose an available ___.
|
bus
|
|
What results from clicking on a Send slot and choosing an available bus?
|
. . . a new aux channel strip is automatically created and added to the Mixer.
|
|
Once the aux channel has been created and added to the Mixer, the Inspector's right channel strip changes to an . . .
|
. . . aux channel strip
|
|
Where is the bus number of the newly created aux channel is verified?
|
. . . in the I/O section of the Inspector's and Mixer's aux channel strip
|
|
By default, where in the signal flow of the channel is an aux send positioned?
|
. . . after the Volume fader but before the Pan
|
|
Once the new aux channel has been created, a knob will appear to the right of the bus number. What is this knob called?
|
. . . Send level knob
|
|
If a Send level knob is set to 0.0dB, what does this signify?
|
. . . that signal levels of the Aux channel strip and left channel strip are equal.
|
|
How can you check the level of the Send level knob?
|
Option-click it
|
|
By default, choosing a new bus in the Send slot of a mono channel strip creates what type of aux channel strip?
|
mono
|
|
How can a mono aux channel strip be changed from mono to stereo?
|
. . . by clicking the Format button below the meter
|
|
What are the symbols for mono or stereo on the Format button?
|
mono - circle
stereo - two interleaved circles |
|
List the steps involved in creating an aux and adding reverb to a vocal track.
|
1. Select the vocal track
2. Solo it 3. In the vocal track, click an available Send slot and choose a Bus number from the pop-up. [The right channel strip in the Inspector now displays the aux channel strip so you can monitor the signal path from vocal to aux channel strips.] 4. On the aux channel strip, click an available Insert slot and choose Reverb > Goldverb from the menu > submenu. 5. Adjust reverb parameters |
|
A vocal and its reverb are on separate channel strips. When you solo a vocal channel strip, why isn't its reverb muted along with everything else?
|
. . . because the reverb channel strip is included in the signal flow. The bus used to create the aux channel created the link.
|
|
Once a reverb has been added to a channel strip, how do you adjust the balance between dry and wet signals?
|
Dry: volume fader
Wet: Bus Send level knob |
|
Aux sends are positioned pre-Pan in the signal flow, which means that a bus-accessed reverb will be panned to the center. How can you place the reverb of, let's say, toms at the same place in the stereo field as their direct sounds?
|
. . . change the position of the aux sends to post pan.
|
|
How do you change the position of the aux sends from pre- to post Pan?
|
1. Position the pointer over the Bus aux send
2. Hold down the mouse 3. Choose Post Pan. |
|
What is the purpose of dynamic processing plug-ins?
|
. . . to make the signal level more consistent over time.
|
|
Name a few specific types of dynamic processors.
|
compressors
limiters expanders noise gates de-essers |
|
What is the function of a compressor?
|
. . . to attenuate a signal when it reaches a specific threshold.
|
|
When using the compressor, your situation is one in which you wish to attenuate the sound of an instrument that has strong attacks [guitar]. How do you do this?
|
Click on the Peak button below the Compressor Threshold slider.
|
|
Where on the compressor would you check to determine how much of the incoming audio signal is being attenuated?
|
. . . on the Gain Reduction meter
|
|
What are three audible results of notes having been compressed?
|
1. Their attacks are softened.
2. Their sustain is longer. 3. The overall sound is more consistent. |
|
Where on the compressor can you adjust the amount of compression that is applied to the signal?
|
. . . on the Ratio slider
|
|
What is the function of the Ratio slider in the compressor?
|
It adjusts the ratio by which the signal is reduced when it exceeds the threshold.
|
|
In the compressor, what is the function of the Gain slider?
|
When a signal rises above the threshold, it is attenuated by the compressor. The overall level, set at the Gain slider, is then raised to compensate for the attenuation.
|
|
From top to bottom, name the sections and the buttons within the channel strip.
|
Setting
Channel EQ Inserts (5) Sends (2) I/O Input # Output 1-2 Audio/Instrument # Group button OFF Clip detector & Pan or Balance knob Level meter & Volume fader Mute & Solo knobs Mono/Stereo level meter button & Instr. and Record buttons Channel Strip label |
|
In the Inspector, if you click on the bus in the Send slot on the left Arrange channel strip, what does the right channel strip display?
|
. . . the Aux corresponding to that bus
|
|
In the Inspector, how can you display any channel strip *in the signal flow* of the left Arrange channel strip?
|
. . by clicking on the desired Send or Output slot.
|
|
Why would you apply compression to the mix as a whole?
|
. . . to end up with more consistent levels from section to section
|
|
If the signal of individual tracks are playing back at optimal levels, but the Clip detector at Out 1-2 is going red, what would be the remedy?
|
. . . insert a limiter after the compressor on the Out 1-2.
|
|
How does a limiter work?
|
When a signal reaches a certain threshold, a limiter will attenuate it so that it never exceeds a specific ceiling.
|
|
Two ways in which clip detectors can be reset.
|
1. by restarting playback
2. by clicking on it |
|
Sometimes the way a specific plug-in affects the sound may be subtle. What should you do if you're not sure of what to focus on?
|
Turn the level all the way up or down.
|
