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42 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
2 hormones of posterior pituitary
ADH & oxytocin
Which T is metabolically active
T3 is metabolically active

T4 converts to T3
hyperthyroid: high or low?
TSH___ & T3/T4___
low TSH
high T3/T4
hypothyroid: high or low?
TSH__ & T3/T4
high TSH
low T3/T4
the hypothalamus-pituitary system incudes the portal___blood vessels
hypophysial
somatostatin functions as an inhibitory hormone for
GH & TSH
CRH releases
ACTH
GnRH releases
FSH
LH
adrenal gland target & increases steroidogenesis
ACTH
ovulation & progesterone
LH
follicle maturation, estrogen production
FSH
treat thyrotoxic crisis with these
block TH-PTU
block catechols w/Beta Blockers
this is result of long standing hypothyroid & is nonpitting boggy edema
myxedema
the 4 Hs of myxedema
Hypothermia
hypoventilation
hypoglycemia
hypotension
treat myxedema w/
T4 replacement
estrogen is generic for 3 hormones
estradiol
estrone
estriol
menarche triggered by___from adipose tissue
leptin
3 phases of ovulation
follicular/proliferative
luteal/secretory
ischemic/menstrual
1st phase follicular/proliferative
follows menstruation
maturation of ovarian follicle
Ant pit secretes FSH causes follicle to develop, granulosa cells secrete estrogen, proliferation of endometrium, ovulation occurs
2nd phase luteal/secretory
follicle transforms to corpus luteum, LH stimulates CL to secrete progresterone, glands secrete glycogen, ready for implantation
3rd phase ischemic
menstruation
marks beginning of new cycle
common cause of fertility, follicles develop but do not ovulate, no menses leads to endometrial hyperplasia
Polycystic Ovary syndrome
women w/PCOS are overweight, high IR, & have these 2 things
acanthosis nigricans & hirsuitism
PCOS is an imbalance between __ & ___
FSH & LH
too much LH &/not enough FSH
inner medulla secretes:
outer cortex 3 zones:
catechols
1)aldosterone
2)cortisol
3)androgens
feedback loop of cortisol. Begin with hypothalamus
hypothalamus>CRF>ant pit>ACTH>adrenal cortex>cortisol
glucocorticoids-cortisol does 5 things
metabolic
anti-inflammatory
growth-suppressing
raises BG levels
potentiates catechols
increases appetite
peak cortisol
7am-10am
do adrenals store glucocorticoids?
no; amount released=amount made
circadian rhythm of cortisol:
bedtime
sleep
awakening
during day
decrease bedtime
increase sleep
peak on awakening
decrease during day
truncal obesity, moon face, buffalo hump, osteoporosis, purple striae, brusing, thin skin, hyperpigmentation
cushing syndrome: hypercortisolism
chronic administration of glucocorticoids which leads to Cushings is considered (primary/secondary?) & is most common cause
secondary
infection, hemorrhage, surgical removal of adrenal glands can cause glucocorticoid deficiency & primary hypoadrenalism or
addison's disease
abrupt discontinuation of chronic glucocorticoids can cause this
secondary hypocortisolism--most common cause of adrenal insufficiency
addison's characteristics:
ACTH
cortisol
elevated ACTH
low cortisol
weakness, weight loss, hypoglycemia, hyperpigmentation, hypotension are signs of
addison's
fluid volume deficit, hyPERkalemia, hyPOnatremia, orthostatic hypotension are signs of
mineralcorticoid deficiency
this is life threatening may occur with abrupt discontinuation of steroids/failure to administer extra steriods to steroid-dependent pt who has stressful event
addisonian crisis
severe hypotension
hyponatremia
DHN
hyperkalemia are s/s of
addisonian crisis
treat addisonian crisis with
hydrocortisone to immediately replace cortisol (fast acting w/ both gluco & mineral corticoid)
excessive aldosterone secretion s/s include:
HTN, hyPOkalemia, neuromuscular signs
hyperaldosteronism
adrenal medulla hyperfunction can lead to__, HTN, tachy, diaphoresis, headache, warmth, wt loss, palpitations & lead to HTN crisis
pheochromocytoma