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77 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is fovea capitis femoris?
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a depression at the medial edge for attachment of ligament and passage of vessel
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What type of joint is the knee?
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synovial bicondylar
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where is the adductor tubercle?
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small sharp prominence at the superior edge of the medial condyle
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Where is the trochanteric fossa?
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medial surface of the gr. trochanter where it meets the neck of femur
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where is the unnamed fossa?
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anterior to trochanteric fossa
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what is the ridge from the great trochanter to the lesser trochanter?
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intertrochanteric crest
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What are the parts of the medial lip of linea aspera?
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Superiorally becomes spiral line which is continious w/ the intertrochanteric line anteriorally. Inferiorally becomes the medial supracondylar line which ends at the adductor tubercle
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What are the parts of the intermediate lip of linea aspera?
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Gives rise to pectineal line which ends at the lesser trochanter
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What are the parts of the lateral lip of linea aspera?
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Superior continuation is gluteal tuberosity, inferiorally is lateral supracondylar line which ends at the lateral epicondyle
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Where is the popliteal surface of the femur?
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posterior inferior surface of the shaft of the femur
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How is the nutrient foramen directed?
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superiorly because it angles away from the more rapidly developing bone
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Where is the primary center of ossification of the femur?
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midshaft at the 7th fetal week
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When/where are the secondary ossification centers of the femur?
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Femoral condyles-birth, Head-1yr, Greater trochanter-4-5yrs, Lesser trochanter-12-14yrs
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In the frontal plane, what is the angle of the femoral shaft?
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10-15 degrees also called the angle of declination or angle of femoral torsion. decreases w/ maturity.
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What is the angle of inclination?
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angle of long axis of the head and neck w/ the long axis of the shaft, decreases from 150 to 125 at adulthood
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Where is the ventral sacroiliac ligament?
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b/t auricular surfaces of sacrum and ilium
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What does the sacrotuberous ligament connect?
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PSIS, PIIS, the dorsolateral aspect of the sacrum and the dosrolateral aspect of the coccyx to the ischial tuberosity
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What does the sacrospinous ligament connect?
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From the dorsolateral margin of the inferior 1/2 of the sacrum and the dorsolateral margin of the coccyx to the ischial spine
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What does the inguinal/pouparts ligament connect?
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ASIS and pubic tubercle, also divides hip and thigh regions
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What does the lacunar /gimbernats ligament do?
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medial portion of inguinal ligament, where fibers change direction
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What does the pectineal/Coopers ligament do?
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extension of the lacunar ligament along the pubic pectineal line.
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What does the upper band of the iliolumbar ligament connect?
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Anterior aspect of 5th lumbar vert to posterior part of the internal lip of the iliac crest
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What does the lower band of the iliolumbar ligament connect?
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Anterior acpect of the 5th lumbar to the anterolateral aspect of the sacrum, superiorly
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What does the long dorsal sacroiliac connect?
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From lateral crests of 3rd and 4th sacral vert to post. superior iliac spine.
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What does the short dorsal sacroiliac ligament connect?
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From intermediate and lateral crests of 1st and 2nd sacral verts to PSIS and internal lip of the iliac crest posteriorally
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What does the interosseous sacroiliac ligament connect?
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sacral tuberosity to the iliac tuberosity
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What, structurally type of joint is the sacroiliac?
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synovial planar joint
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the sacroiliac joint is a functional ____________?
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Diarthrosis
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at what vertebral levels is the sacroiliac articulation?
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S-1 to S-3
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what covers the articular surfaces of the sacroiliac joint?
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Fibrocart.
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What is the only intrinsic ligament of the SI joint?
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Ventral sacroiliac ligament. a thickening of the joint capsule anteriorally
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This extrinsic ligament of the os coxa is sometime considered a structural syndesmosis?
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Interosseous SI ligament
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What ligament prevents superior rotation of the pelvic bone on the sacrum during weight bearing to aid in stabilizing the SI joint posteriorally?
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Sacrospinous lig. and sacrotuberous lig.
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What structurally is the syphysis pubis?
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fibrous syndesmosis joint
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What functionally is the symphysis pubis/pubic symphysis?
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amphiarthrosis
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What type of cart is between pubic articulations?
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hyaline, then fibro which is the interpubic disc
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How many vertebrae are fused to form the coccyx?
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4 fused into 2-3 segments
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What are the transverse ridges formed from?
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Fusion of the vertebral bodies, are the last place in the body to ossify
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What goes through the anterior sacral foramina?
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Ventral rami S-1 to S-4; holes at anterolateral sacral canal
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What is the sacral promontory composed of?
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Anterior superior ridge of S-1 Vertebra
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What makes up the sacral alae?
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Fused transveres processes of S-1
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What makes up the superior articular processes?
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UNFUSED superior articular processes of S-1; articular surface is posterior
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What makes up the median sacral crest?
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Fused spinous processes of S-1 to S-4
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What makes up the sacral hiatus?
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From lamina of S-5 that do NOT fuse, its a passage for meninges and spinal nerves
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What is the function of the sacral cornu?
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inferior projection of the sacrum which is formed by ligamentous attachment to the coccyx
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What goes thru the posterior sacral foramnia?
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Dorsal rami of S-1 to S-4
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What makes up the intermediate sacral crest?
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Superior and inferior artucular processes.
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What forms the sacral groove?
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Fusion of the vertebral laminae S-1 to S-4
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What makes up the Lateral Sacral crest?
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Fusion of transverse processes
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What makes up the coccygeal cornu?
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Superior articular processes of Co-1 vertebra; articulate with sacral cornu via ligamentous attachment
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What does the auricular surface of the sacrum articulate with and its char's?
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Pelvic bone; Part of the sacroiliac joint, which is a synovial joint
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What is the fxn of the sacral tuberosity?
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Posterior part of lateral surface; for attaching ligaments
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*Where are primary centers of ossification in the sacrum?
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All present at birth, one in each vertebral body, one in each segment of the lateral masses, and one in each of the lamina(around sacral canal)
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Where are the secondary centers of ossification in the sacrum>
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Upper and lower surfaces of the bodies, spinous processes, transverse processes, and lateral surfaces.
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When do the secondary ossification centers appear in the sacrum?
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Appear between puberty and 20 yrs, all fused by 25 except transverse ridges which are at middle age
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What are the pelvic bones' lateral, anterior, and posterior articulations?
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Lateral-Femoral head; Anterior-symphyseal surface of the other pelvic bone; Posterior-Lateral surface of the sacrum
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What is the posterioinferior portion of the pelvic bone?
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Ischium....Duh
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What os coxa feature is used to measure limb length?
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ASIS
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What closes the Greater sciatic notch to make it the greater sciatic foramen?
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Sacrospinous ligament
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What is the landmark between the greater and lesser sciatic notches?
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Ischial spine
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What muscle goes thru the greater sciatic foramen?
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piriformis
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What ligament forms the lesser sciatic foramen?
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Sacrotuberous ligament
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What muscle passes thru the lesser sciatic foramen?
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obturator internus
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What separates the iliac body and ala?
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Arcuate line
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What does the pecten pubis/pectineal line separate?
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border between the pectineal and pelvic surfaces of the pubis
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What does the iliopectineal eminence/iliopubic eminence separate?
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Iliac body and superior pubic ramus; it is continious w/ the arcuate line of the ilium via the iliopectineal line
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What percent of the acetabulum does the ilium make? the ischium? pubic ramus?
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body of ilium-40%; Body of ischium-40%; Superior pubic ramus-20%
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At which surface does the head of the femur articulate w/ the acetabulum?
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Lunate surface
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What is the acetabular fossa?
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Roughened central depression w/in the acetabulum; formed mostly by the ischial body; its for passage of ligament and neurovascular structures
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What is the acetabular notch?
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depressed area between the ends of the lunate surface.
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The acetabular foramen is closed to the acetabular notch by what structure?
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Transverse acetabular ligament
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When does the primary center of ossification of the ilium appear?
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9th Fetal week in the iliac ala
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When does the primary center of oss. of the ischium appear?
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4th fetal month in the ischial body
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When does the primary center of oss. of the pubis appear?
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late 4th fetal month in the superior pubic ramus
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Where are the secondary centers of ossification of the os coxa and when?
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Iliac crest, acetabulum, pubic body, ischial tuberosity (15-25)
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In the anatomical position, what 2 structures of the innominate bone lie in the same coronal plane?
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ASIS and pubic tubercles
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What lines make up linea terminalis?
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arcuate, iliopectineal, pectineal/pecten pubis, and pubic crest
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