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10 Cards in this Set
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- Back
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Key concepts
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-Green plants include both green algae and land plants.
-adaptations to dry land -efficient reproduction adaptations |
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adaptations to dry land:
Prevent water loss Transport water from tissues with acess to water to tissues without |
Cuticle: keeps water and CO2 out
Stomata: pores with guardcells for gas excahnge Vascular tissue: erect stems (no fighting for sunlight) and transport water |
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Vascular tissue
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Tracheids: have gaps in secondary wall
Vessel elements: no cell walls |
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Lignin
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structural polymer built from 6-C rings for support and strength in vascular tissue
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gametangia
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protect gametes from drying and damage (all but angiosperms have these)
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alteration of generations
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GAMETOPHYTE (N) -mitosis-> GAMETES (N) -fertilization-> ZYGOTE (2N) -mitosis-> SPOROPHYTE (2N) -meiosis-> SPORES (N) -mitosis-> GAMETOPHYTE
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Heterospory (only in seed plants)
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MALE SPORES: microsporangia --> microspore --> male gametophyte (pollen grain) --> sperm
FEMALE: megasporangia --> megaspore --> female gametophyte --> eggs |
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How does evolution of POLLEN help
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lose dependence on water for fertilization
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how does evolution of SEEDS help
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can disperse embryos away from parent (efficient reproduction)
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how does evolution of FLOWER help
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allows successful geographical distribution
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