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69 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The Two Parts of the Lymphatic System
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1. Lymphatic Vessels
2. Lymphatic Tissues and Organs |
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Transport escaped blood fluids back to blood
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Lymph Vessels
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House phagocytic cells and lymphocytes (agranular WBC's)
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Lymph. Organs
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Drainage vessels that return 3L interstitial fluid to blood/day
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Lymphatic Vessels
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In the lymphatic vessels the interstitial fluid is called?
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Lymph
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The lymphatic vessels return?
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3L interstitial fluid to blood/day
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The lymphatic vessels are (blank) weaving between tissue cells
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blind-ended (lymph capillaries)
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Lymph Vessels follow blood vessels-but not found in?
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Bones, Teeth, Bone marrow, CNS (fluid drains into CSF)
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Lymphatic Vessels are (1).
-Walls are overlapping endothelial cells-form valve flaps-only open (2). |
1. Very Permeable
2. inward |
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Endothelial cells anchored to surrounding tissue by (1). These prevent (2).
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1. Collagen filaments
2. Vessels from collapsing from pressure |
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Specialized lymphatic capillaries
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1. Lacteals-in villi of intestinal mucosa-absorb digested fats from intestine-->fatty lymph called chyle that gets delivered to blood system.
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The 3-tunics of collecting vessels are similar to veins, but (1-3)?
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1. Have thinner walls
2. have more Valves 3. Anastomose more |
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Collecting vessels in skin?
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Travel with superficial veins
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Collecting vessels get there blood supply from?
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vasa vasorum
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Deep collecting vessels travel with?
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Arteries
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Collecting vessels fuse to form?
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Trunks
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Examples of Lymphatic Trunks?
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Lumbar Trunk
Bronchomediastinal Trunk Subclavian Trunk Jugualar Trunk Intestinal Trunk |
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The two ducts in the thoracic region are?
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Right Lymphatic Duct
Thoracic Duct |
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Drains Lymph from right side of head + thorax and arm
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Right Lymphatic Duct
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-Drains lymph from body
-Formed from enlarged sac cisterna chyli -Drains lymph from R+L lumbar and intestinal trunks -Runs upward draining fluid from left side of body |
Thoracic Duct
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Each lymphatic duct empties lymph into the (1) at junction of (2) and (3).
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1. Venous circulation
2. Internal jugular vein 3. Subclavian Vein |
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Transport of Lymph requires?
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-No Pump
-Skeletal+Respiratory Muscles -Valves -More sporadic than flow in veins |
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Swelling due to a blockage of the lymph passages?
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Lymphedema
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(____) Clusters along lymphatic vessels where they merge to form trunks?
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Lymph Nodes
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The three most common areas where lymph nodes are found?
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1. Inguinal
2. Axillary 3. Cervical |
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The 2 functions of lymph nodes?
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1. Filter microorganisms + debris from lymph-not delivered to blood stream
2. Activate the immune system-lymphocytes in lymph nodes monitor for antigens. |
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Structure of a Lymph Node?
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-Mostly 1" bean
-Surrounded by a dense fibrous capsule of connective tissue -Strands of connective tissue. Extend inward (trabeculae) + divide node into compartments. |
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T cells temporarily rest here as circulate thru: Blood-nodes-lymph. system
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Outer cortex
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-Cortex thins and Tissue forms extensions
-Contains T+B cells |
Medullary Cords
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-Found throughout node
-Crisscrossed with reticular fibers that house macrophages -As lymph flows thru sinuses macrophages digest foreign matter - Cleaning lymph |
Lymph Sinuses (Channel)
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Reticular connective Tissue Found Here
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Lymph Sinuses (Channel)
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When fluid from the tissues fails to return to the lymph vessels (____) results?
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edema
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Can be scattered around the body in organs and conn. tissue?
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Lymphoid Tissue
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Large collections of lymph. tissue are found in?
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Lymph Organs
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Lymphoid tissue type?
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Reticular Connective Tissue
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Lymphoid tissue functions to (____)?
1. 2. |
Protect the body
1. Proliferation site for lymphocytes. 2. Ideal surveillance point for lymphocytes and macrophages. |
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What lives on the reticular fibers?
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Macrophages
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What circulates between the blood system and connective tissue?
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Lymphocytes
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Name the lymphoid organs
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-Lymph Nodes
-Spleen -Thymus -Tonsils |
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The largest lymphoid organ
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Spleen
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Lymphoid organ located to the left side of abdominal cavity below the diaphragm
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Spleen
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Served by splenic artery and vein
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Spleen
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Site of lymphocyte proliferation, immune surveillance and response?
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Spleen
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Really boosts the immune system. Also serves to cleanse blood-removes aged and defective blood cells and platelets.
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Spleen
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Stores breakdown products of RBC's (iron) for later use?
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Spleen
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Site of RBC production in fetus and stores blood platelets
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Spleen
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Houses macrophages which removes debris, bacterial toxins
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Spleen
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The spleen has an (1) fibrous capsule and the trabeculae extend (2).
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1. Outer
2. Inward |
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-Lymphocytes in reticular fibers
-found around branches of splenic arteries |
Area called white pulp
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-Rest of splenic tissue
-Mostly involved in disposal of debris. |
Red Pulp
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What happens when the spleen is removed?
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Usually not a problem. The liver and bone marrow take over most of its functions.
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-Found in lower neck
-Extends down partially covers heart -Most active in childhood -Stops growing in adolescence -Atrophies as we age Old age-fibrous+fatty tissue |
Thymus
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The Outer cortex of the thymus contains?
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Densely packed, dividing T-lymphocytes-No B cells
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Most thymic cells are?
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Lymphocytes
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The inner medulla of the thymus contains?
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-fewer lymphocytes
-Hassall's corpuscles |
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Areas of degenerating cells-function is unknown.
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Hassall's corpuscles in the inner medulla of the thymus.
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Functions of the Thymus
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1. T lymph. maturation-therefore is only lymphoid organ that does not directly fight antigens.
2. Stroma (basic internal structural framework of an organ) of thymus is Thymocytes (star-shaped epithelial cells NOT retic. fibers. -secrete hormones: thymosin and thymopoietin -involved in maturation of T cells. |
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-Simplest lymphoid organ
-Pairs -Appear as Swellings in mucosa |
Tonsils
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-Posterior Oral cavity
-Largest and most often infected |
Palatine tonsils
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Base of tongue
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Lingual tonsils
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Posterior wall nasopharynx
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Phryngeal tonsils (adenoids)
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-Surround Eustachian tube
-Smallest |
Tubal Tonsils
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Tonsils are not fully (1).
Epithelium folds inward to form (2). |
1. encapsulated
2. crypts |
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(1) trap bacteria-->move into lymphoid tissue-->(2)
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1. Crypts
2. destroyed |
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Other areas of lymph. follicles?
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1. Peyer's Patches
2. Appendix 3. Walls of bronchi |
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Located in the wall of ileum?
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Peyer's Patches
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Located off cecum?
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Appendix
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What is MALT?
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Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue
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What is the function of MALT?
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Protection of digestive and respiratory tracts.
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