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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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planning
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setting goals and deciding how to achieve them
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defenders
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experts at producing and selling narrowly defined products and services; stick with what they do best
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prospectors
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focus on developing new products or services and in seeking out new markets, rather than waiting for things to happen create new opportunities
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analyzers
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let the other organizations take the risks of product development and marketing and then imitate or find out what works best
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reactors
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make adjustments only when forced to by environmental pressures
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entrepreneurial
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selecting/making adjustments of products and markets
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engineering
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producing and delivering the products
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administrative
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establishing roles, relationships and organizational processes
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mission statement
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reason for being
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vision statement
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what we want to become
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strategic planning
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top managers do this for the next one to five years, with the resources they expect to be available
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tactical planning
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middle management decides what contributions their departments or similar work units can make with the given resources during the next 6-24 months
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operational planning
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first line managers determine how to accomplish specific tasks with available resources with the next 1-52 weeks
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goal/objective
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specific commitment to achieve a measurable result within a stated period of time
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mass end chain
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goals are arrange in a hierarchy because accomplishment of low level goal are the means that leas to accomplishing high level goals
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strategic goals
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set by and for top management; focus on objectives for the organization as a whole
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tactical goals
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set by and for middle management; focus on the actions needed to achieve the strategic goals
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action plan
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defines the course of action needed to achieve the stated goal
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operation plan
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defines gow you will conduct business for a one year period, based on the action plan, by identifying clear targets
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standing plans
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developed for activities that occur repeatedly over a period of time, consist of policies, procedures, and rules
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policy
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standing plan that outlines the general response to a designated problem or situation
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procedure
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standing plan that outlines the response to a particular problem or circumstance
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rule
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standing plan that designates specific required action
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single use plans
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developed for activities that are not likely to be repeated in the future. can be classified as programs or projects
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program
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encompasses a range of projects or activities
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project
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of less scope and complexity that a program
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management by objectives
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four step process first intended to motivate subordinates thought of by Peter Drucker
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management by objectives: 1
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managers and employees jointly set objectives for the employee
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management by objectives: 2
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managers develop action plans
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management by objectives: 3
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managers and employees periodically review the employee's performance
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management by objectives: 4
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manager makes a performance appraisal and rewards the employee according to results
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cascading
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objectives are structures in a unified hierarchy, becoming more specific at lower levels of the organizations
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planning and control cycle
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make plan, carry out plan; control direction by comparing results, control direction by taking corrective action: correct deviations, improve future plans
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business plan
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document that outlines a proposed firm;s goals, the strategy for achieving them, and the standards for measuring success
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