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34 Cards in this Set
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- Back
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DOC for P.jiroveci infection
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TMP-SMX
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opportunistic pulmonary infection caused by reactivation of latent infection in immunocompromised hosts
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P. jiroveci
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P.jiroveci attaches to what cells via what structures
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type I pnomocytes via fibronectin and glycoproteins
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multinucleated giant cells on Tzank smear
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HSV
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painful ulcers are generally found with what infections?
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viral infections (HSV) or chancroid
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structure and genetics of HSV
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ds linear DNA w/ icosahedral neucleocapsid and lipoprotein envelope
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DOC for HSV
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acyclovir
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the cause of vaginitis is usually determined by what
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KOH wet mount for yeast or protozoa, gram stain for Gardnerella or Mobiluncus (clue cells)
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vaginal discharge characteristics- white, yellow/grey, or foul smelling
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white-candidiasis, yellow- Trichomonas vaginalis, foul smelling- bacterial vaginosis (gardnerella/ mobiluncus)
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morphological characteristics of candida
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yeast with pseudohyphae, true hyphae, and/or chlamydospores
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diagnostic feature of C. albicans
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chlamydospores
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drugs used for the Tx of vaginal candidiasis
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clotrimazole, miconazole, nystatin, or oral fluconazole
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white plaques adherent to tongue and buccal mucosa, sometimes with angular cheilitis is indicative of what organism
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oral candidiasis
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organism which may cause "diaper rash"
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cutaneous candidiasis
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systemic candidiasis most often occurs in what pt populations
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pts in the ICU, pts with severe granulocytopenia, organ or stem cell transplant recipients
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characteristics of primary HIV infection
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fever, malaise, lymphadenopathy, truncal maculopapular rash, 'mononucleosis-like symptoms'
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HIV transmembrane proteins
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gp120(cap) and gp41(stem)
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HIV capsid protein
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p24
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describe viral attachment and uncoating in HIV infection of T cells
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gp120 binds to CD4 molecules, gp120 then undergoes a conformational change to bind a coreceptor (CXCR4 or CCR5), conformational change in gp41 leads to fusion of the cellular and viral membranes and entry
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what is the genetic unit of HIV
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ssRNA
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when should prophylaxis be started for P.jiroveci and MAC in AIDS pts?
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P. jiroveci at CD4 count below 200 and MAC at CD4 counts below 50
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cause of Kaposi sarcoma
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HSV-8
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disease associated with cats
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toxoplasmosis (T. gondii)
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morphological characteristics of T. gondii
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banana shaped tachyzoites in proliferative infection, cyst bradyzoites in asymptomatic infection
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at what CD4 level might you begin to suspect Toxoplasmosis
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<200
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DOC for Toxoplasmosis
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sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine w/ or w/out leucovorin
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ring enhancement seen on MRI of brain leasion is usually associated with what organisms?
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T.gondii or nocardia asteroides?
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hystological appearance of CMV infection
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cytomegalic (giant) cells, cells w/ intranuclear inclusion w/ surrounding 'halo' ("owl's eye")
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CMV family and genetics
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herpes virus, dsDNA w/ lipoprotein envelope
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most common post-transplant infection
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CMV
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DOC for CMV
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ganciclovir
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what are the ToRCHeS-List organisms
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Toxoplasmosis, Rubella, Cytomegalovirus, Herpes, HIV-1, HBV, Syphilis, Listeria
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what organisms cause infectious mononeucleosis?
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EBV and CMV
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Sx of CMV retinitis
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floaters, flashes, blurred vision, decreased visual acuity, and scotomata (blind spots)
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