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11 Cards in this Set
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Example of gene cloning to protect plants from insects
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Insect toxin genes from B. thuringiensis have been cloned into plants so that the plant produces the insecticide right on the leaves. When the leaves are eaten, the larvae are killed.
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BOD
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biochemical oxygen demand: the rate at which microbes remove oxygen from water
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What is the purpose of alum in water purification?
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Alum forms a gel that microbes and particles stick to as the gel settles out and removes them.
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What have we learned from the use of DDT?
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The need to develop and use pesticides that are quickly broken down by microbes or other means.
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What are lichens?
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Lichens are mutualistic colonies of algae and fungi.
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What digests the cellulose of wood in termites?
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protozoa
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What type of organism produces methane?
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archae
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ammonification
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breakdown of proteins and nucleic acid by bacteria and fungi to release nitrogen in the form of ammonia
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nitrification
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oxidation of ammonia to nitrate by the bacteria Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter
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Denitrification
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occurs when bacteria use nitrate anaerobically and release nitrogen gas
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Nitrogen fixation
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the process of bacterial fixation of nitrogen gas into nitrate; two important bacteria that fix nitrogen are Azobacter (free living) and Rhizobium (which grow in plant root nodules to fix nitrogen in larger quantities)
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