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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Two drug activating enzymes
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Penicillinase, Chloramphenicol
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Changes in porin proteins occur in
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gram negative
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Efflux Pumps
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remove protons from the cell
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gene coding for enzyme that modifies___________ likely originated from streptomyces species
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aminogycoside
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normal intestinal microbiota, healthcare associated infections
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Enterococci
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Virus transmitted via fecal-oral route, gastroenteritis
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Enteric
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Causes lesions on genitalia or systemic infections, ex= HIV:
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sexually transmitted
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When a virus doesnt cause damage to the host, its in a state of
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balanced pathogenicity
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short in duration, long lasting host immunity, productie infection
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acute infection
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continually present in host, released from cell via budding
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persistent infection
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Two drug activating enzymes
|
Penicillinase, Chloramphenicol
|
|
Changes in porin proteins occur in
|
gram negative
|
|
Efflux Pumps
|
remove protons from the cell
|
|
gene coding for enzyme that modifies___________ likely originated from streptomyces species
|
aminogycoside
|
|
normal intestinal microbiota, healthcare associated infections
|
Enterococci
|
|
Virus transmitted via fecal-oral route, gastroenteritis
|
Enteric
|
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Causes lesions on genitalia or systemic infections, ex= HIV:
|
sexually transmitted
|
|
When a virus doesnt cause damage to the host, its in a state of
|
balanced pathogenicity
|
|
short in duration, long lasting host immunity, productie infection
|
acute infection
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continually present in host, released from cell via budding
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persistent infection
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what are two examples of latent infections?
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Herpes simplex virus 1/2, chicken pox/shingles
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where does virus replicate in non-infectious state
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neurons
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infection detected at all times, sympotms may develop late
provide example |
chronic infection
hepatitis B |
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example of slow infection
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Retrovirus/HIV/prions
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Enveloped viruses enter through______. the_______ is released into the cytoplasm and the nucleic acid seperates
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membrane fusion, nucleocapsid
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Entry of naked virus can also occur thorugh
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endocytosis
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Envelopes released through
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budding
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HIV
enveloped/nonenveloped +/- mRNA diff/identical strands |
Enveloped
+mRNA identical |
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cleaves polyprotiens to individual proteins
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Protease
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what promotes cell replicaiton, and turns on cell cycle
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Proto onogenes
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what slows or stops cell mutation
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tumor suppressor genes
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what are two viruses known to cause cancer
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Human papillmaviruses, Herpesviruses
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HTLV
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Human T-cell lymphotrophic virus
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Some DNA tumors virus replicate as __________ in the cell
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plasmids
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How does genetic reassortment occur?
called antigenic ______- |
two different but related viruses infecting the same cell.
Genetic reassortment= antigenic shift |
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what causes a pandemic
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antigenetic drift-- point mutation
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Replication of RNA by RNA- dependent RNA polymerase is error prone during ________ ______. Lead to changes in ________.
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Antigenic drift. Hemagglutinin
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cells that are cultured directly from tissues of animals and have limited life span
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primary culture
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cell lines that grow indefenitley
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transformed cells
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cultured cells that cover bottom of culture vessel
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monolayer
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Highest dilution showing maximum agglutination is________
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titer
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dilution at which 50% of inoculated host are infected or killed
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endpoint
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consist of small single stranded RNA molecules
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viroids
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what is the size range of these molecules
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246-375 nucleotides
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viroid is _______resistant to ______ __________.
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circular, nuclease digestion
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proteinaceous infectious agent, causes brain degeneration
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Prion
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formal name for mad cow disease
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tranmissible spongiform encepphalopathies
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mutated protein resists______, __ ___ light, and ________ (due to lack of nucleic acid)
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proteases, UV, nuclease
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