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15 Cards in this Set
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Malassezia furfur
Morph? 1 Dz? 1 Tx? 2 Dx? 1 Location? 1 |
Spaghetti & meatballs
Pityriases versicolor Hypo/hyperpigmented patches: sunlight will darken, but not the white parts Dandruff shampoo (Selenium sulfide) Topical imidazole KOH prep: short, curved, unbranched hyphae w/ spherical yeast Superficial |
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Exophiala werneckii
Morph? 3 Clinical? 2 Tx? 2 Dx? 3 Location? 1 |
Brown-pigmented
Branched, septate hyphae Budding yeast cells Tinea nigra Dark brown-black patches on soles of hands/feet Dandruff shampoo Topical imidazole KOH prep Brown-pigmented Branched septae, budding yeast Superficial |
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Tinea dz
Species? 3 Reservoir? 3 Dz? 5 Tx? 3 Dx? 2 Metab? 1 Location? 1 |
Microsporum species
Trichopyton species Epidermophyton floccosum Soil, animals, humans Dermaphytosis: corporis, cruris, pedis, capitis, unguium Topical imidazole Oral griseofulvin (tinea capitis, unguium) Oral terbinafine KOH: branched hyphae Wood light: spp of Micropsporum Secretes keratinase -> degrade keratin Cutaneous |
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Sporothrix schenckii
Reservoir? 1 Dz? 1 Tx? 3 Dx? 3 Location? 1 |
Rose thorns
Sporotrichosis: subcutaneous nodule -> necrotic -> ulcerate -> heals -> new nodules up lymphatic tract Itraconazole Fluconazole Oral KI (plant a rose in a POT) Dimorphic Culture 25C -> branching hyphae Culture 37C -> cigar shaped yeast cells Subcutaneous |
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Chromoblasts
Spp? 3 Reservoir? 2 Morph? 2 Dz? 3 Tx? 2 Dx? 2 Location? 1 |
Phialophora verrucosa
Cladosporium carrionii Fonsecaea spp Cu-colored soil Rotting wood Sclerotic bodies: Cu colored cells Chromoblastomycosis: Puncture wound -> violet wart -> cauliflower clusters Itraconazole Local excision Skin scrapins w/ KOH prep: Cu colored sclerotic bodies Subcutaneous |
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Coccidiodes immitis
Reservoir? 2 Transmission? 1 Morph? 3 Dz? 5 Tx? 3 Dx? 4 Location? 1 |
SW US desert, N. Mexico
Resp Dimorphic: spores @ 25C, yeast @ 37C Coccidiodomycosis: Usu asymptomatic PA Disseminated -> lungs, skin, bones, meninges Can lead to erythema nodusum Amph B Intraconazole Fluconazole Bx of affected tissue: KOH prep Culture on Sabouraud's agar Spherule filled with endospores (Cocciodes crowds) Serology Skin test Systemic |
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Histoplasma capsulatum
Reservoir? 2 Transmission? 1 Morph? 2 Dz? 3 Tx? 2 Dx? 4 Metab? 1 Location? 1 |
Mississippi and Ohio valley
Bat droppings Resp Dimorphic - spores @ 25C, yeast @ 37C No capsule Histoplamosis: Usu asymptomatic PA: calcified lesion (look like TB) Disseminated: almost any organ, esp lung/spleen/liver Itraconazole Amph B (immunocomprom) Lung Bx: silver stain, Sabouraud's agar Serology Skin test Intracellular Systemic |
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Blastomyces dermatitidis
Reservoir? 3 Transmission? 1 Morph? 1 Dz? 3 Tx? 3 Dx? 4 Location? 1 |
Mississippi River valley up to Great Lakes
Soil, rotten wood Resp Dimorphic - spores @ 25C, yeast @ 37C Blastomycosis Asymptomatic (uncommon) PA: lesions rarely calcify Disseminate: wt loss, night sweat, lung inv, skin ulcers Itraconazole Ketoconazole Amph B Bx of affected tissue: silver stain, Saboraud's agar BROAD-BASED BUDDING Serology Skin test Systemic |
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Cryptococcus neoformans
Reservoir? 1 Transmission? 1 Morph? 2 Dz? 3 Tx? 2 Dx? 3 Location? 1 |
Pigeon droppings
Resp Polysaccharide capsule Yeast only Subacute/chronic meningitis PA: usu self-limited Acne-like skin lesions Amph B + flucytosine Fluconazole India-ink statin of CSF - wide capsular halo Cryptococcal Ag in CSF -> polysaccharide Fungal Systemic |
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Candida albicans
Reservoir? 3 Morph? 2 Dz? 7 Tx? 5 Dx? 5 Location? 2 |
Skin, mouth, GIT
Pseudohyphae, yeast Oral thrush Vulvovaginal candidiasis Diaper rash Skin rash in obese Esophageal Disseminated Chronic mucocutaneous Thrush: oral fluconazole, nystatin, clotrimazole Cutaneous: imidazole, fluconazole Esophageal: fluconazole, caspofungin Systemic: IV amph B, fluconazole, capsofungin Chronic mucocutaneous: ketoconazole, fluconazole KOH stain Silver stain Blood culture Blood assay for beta-D-glucan Germ tube Cutaneous Systemic |
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Aspergilla
Reservoir? 2 Morph? 1 Dz? 4 Tx? 3 Dx? 4 |
EVERYWHERE
Aspiration -> asthma Braching septated hyphae Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis: IgE Aspergilloma: fungus ball, hemoptysis Invasive aspergillosis: necrotizing PA Aflatoxin consumption: liver damage/CA; peanuts/grain/rice ABA: Corticosteroids Aspergilloma: surg Invasive: voriconazole, amph B Serology Sputum culture CXR, CT scan HSR |
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Mucor
Reservoir? 1 Morph? 3 Dz? 2 Tx? 2 Dx? 2 |
Saprophytic molds
Broad, nonseptated branching hyphae Rhinocerebral mucormycosis Pulm mucomycosis Amph B Surg Bx Black nasal d/c |
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Actinomyces israelli
Reservoir? 2 Morph? 2 Metab? 1 Dz? 4 Tx? 2 Dx? 3 |
Mouth, GIT
Branching chains/beaded filaments Anaerobic Cervicofacial Thoracic Abdominal Eroding abscesses PCN G Surg Gram + rod Sulfur granules in pus Anaerobic culture |
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Nocardia asteroides
Reservoir? 1 Transmission? 1 Metab? 1 Morph? 2 Dz? 2 Tx? 1 Dx? 3 |
Never part of norm flora
Resp Aerobic Partially acid-fast (mycolic acids) Branching chains or beaded filaments PA Abscesses in lung, kidney, CNS TMP/Sulfa Gram + rods Modified acid fast stain Aerobic culture |
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Paracoccidiodes
Reservoir? 1 Shape? 1 Type of fungi? 1 Causes? 2 |
Latin America
Captains wheel Dimorphic PA, systemic inf |
