Microbiology Block 2 Campylobacter adn Helicobacter

transfered from animals to humans. campylobacter are normal flora and pathogens for animals

gram negative bacilli that are motile and oxidase positive

microerophillic, resistant to many antibiotics, very small, do not ferment or oxidze carbohydrates, not halophilic

more common that Salmonella and Shigella, causes gastroenteritis

vast animal reservoirs, assciated with consumption of contaminated water or foods (especially milk, poultry, and meat products)

acute diarrhea with blood and neutrophils in stool. malaise, fever, and abdominal pain are normal, with destruction of mucosal surfaces common

Guillain-barre syndrome, an immune disorder of the peripheral nervous system

grows best under microaerophilic and thermophilic conditions

most cases are self limiting
severe cases- antimicrobial treatment
drug choice - ciprofloxacin for adults and erythromycin for children

bacteremia infections such as septic thrombophebitis, arthritis, septic abortion and meningitis. (debilitated and immunocompromised individuals are most susceptible)

has capsule like S-protein

C. fetus grows around 37 degrees celcius instead of 42

gram-negative, microaerophilic, spiral bacteria, non-invasive, oxidase and catalase positive, mulitpolar flagella,

virtually all cases of type B gastritits, most duodenal ulcers, gastric ulcers, and associated with gastric adenocarcinoma and gastric mucosa-associated lyphone type (MALT) B-cell lymphomas

half of the world is infected but most do not show signs, worst where sanitation is bad, rate of infection increases as age increases, humans are major resovior of disease

potent urease neutralizes teh gastric acids through ammonia production, attaches to epithelial cells with a variety of attachment factors

chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer disease, persistent inflammation leads to destruction of normal epthelium, loss of mucous layer

expresses cytotoxin (VacA), which induces formation of epithelial cells taht resemple the histological lesions in patient biopsy material, and can also present (CagA) that interacts with several signal tranducton pathways

does not express VacA or CagA

urease, heat shock protein, acid-inhibitory proetien, flagella, adhesins, mucinase, phospholipase, superoxide dismutase and catalase, vacuolating cytoxin

disrupts gastric mucus

prevents phagocytic killing

induces vaculolation in epithelial cells, stimulates neutrophil migration into mucosa

two week regimen durgh therapy with metronidazole and either tetracycline or amoxicillin, proton pump inhibitor (omeprazole), and bismuth salts. vaccination provides best long term resistance