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microbiology
studies a variety of organisms, usually need a microscope to see.
Medically relevant Organisms
And are collectively called___
Prions, viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites:
called microbes
Biotechnology
uses microbes to solve biological probs, produce lrg. quanities of useful items, & degrade toxic materials
gene therapy
replace defective gene(s) with a "normal" one
scientific method
refers to a body of techniques for investigating phenomena, acquiring new knowledge, or correcting and integrating previous knowledge.
Hypothesis
An educated guess.
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
1st to make a microscope and observe animalcules. 1670's. He was more interested ion microscopes.
Animalcules
tiny, rapidly swimming (tiny animals)
Edward Jenner
1790's. performed 1st vaccination. small Pox Vaccine.
Ignaz Semmels
or
Sir Jospeh Lister
1850-Ignaz promoted hand washing. 15 yrs later- Joe started using antiseptics and disenfecants in surgery & on wounds.
Louis Pasteur
"Father of Microbiology" Produced vaccines for anthrax & rabies.1850's -1880's discovered micobes cause fermintation & that spontaneous generation was false
Spontaneous generation
Idea that microbes develop without any cellular parentage
Robert Koch
1870's. Dev. Koch postulates
Koch postulates
The need to satisfy 4 requir. in order to establish that an organ. is the cause of disease.
Agar
gelatin-like solidifying agent used in laboratory culture media
pure culture
is a method of multiplying microbial organisms by letting them reproduce in predetermined culture media under controlled laboratory conditions.
Germ theroy of disease
Belief that microbes will grow in humans & are the cause of diseases that spread from person to person, town to town.
Alex Fleming
earlt 20th century. Discovered agents that destroyed bacteria
Lysozyme
enzyme-degrades bacterial cell walls
PCN
1st true antibiotic used to kill bacteria. gained popularity during WW 2