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data represented as a set of related tables or relations
Relational database model
Provides technical specifications for computer files and databases in which to store the data
Physical database design provides specs
4 key steps in logical database modeling and design
Develop logical model for each known user interface
combine data requirements for a all interfaces
translate conceptual ER model into normal data require.
COmpare logical with translate ER model to produce one final logical design model
a named, 2D table of data.
Relation
Well-structured relation table
relation containing minimum amount of redundancy
Attribute whose value is unique across all occurrences
Primary Key
Attribute that appears as nonprimary key attribute in one relation and as primary key attribute in another relation
Foreign key
Process of converting complex data structures into simple, stable data structures
Normalization
Unique Rows, no multivalued attributes
all relations 1NF
1NF
Each nonprimary key attribute is identified by the whole key
2NF
Nonprimary key attributes do not depend on each other
3NF
Result of normalization is that every nonprimary key attribute depends upon the whole primary key
.
Steps to transform ERD into relations
Represent entities
Represent Relationships
Normalize Relations
Smallest unit of named application data recognized by system software
field
a coding scheme recognized by system software for representing organizational data
data type
a value a field will assumer unless an explicit value is entered for that field
default value
limits range of values that can be entered into field
range control
an integrity constraint specifying that the value of an atttribute in one relation depends on the value of the same attribute in another relation
referential integrity
special field value, distinct from zero, blank, or any other value, that indicates that the value for the field is missing or unknown
null value