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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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To what is the Western World most indebted to the Romans? Examples?
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genius organizing and problem solving.
ex: road system, bridges, aqueducts, amphitheaters. Natural law (higher law) civil law (property rights) Latin language |
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what two art pieces show an Etruscan concern for the afterlife
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Etruscan tombs, husband and wife, Capitaline She-Wolf sleek body curling neck hair, Roman mascot, symbol
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Who ended the Roman Republic with his dictatorship? His death? His successors
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republican rulled by senate, two classes= patricians, plebians, in 48 BCE, Julius Cesar became dictator stabbed March 5 by 60 senators. first empor Octavian defeated Mark Anthony at Actium in 31BCE
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What is an aqueduct? Purpose? describe the most famous example?
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bridge and tunnels that carried gravity for wells into Roman cities
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how did Romans change portraiture? Example?
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emphasized faces, more natural, showed personality and emotion. Ex: portrait of a Roman
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who was Catullus
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lyric poet, 25 poems about his affair with Lesbia, lyric/emotional poetry
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who was Terece
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comic playwright for aristocratic audiences, more sophisticated
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who was Plautus
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comic play wright for commoners. more bawdy
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explain the PAX ROMANA. Who began it? How long?
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first emperor Augustus and wife Livia, literal meaning "Roman Piece". life was comfortable, external wars dod not affect commoners,entertainment abounded, Christian spread, one rule one law one language 30ce-180c3
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who was Nero
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Megalomaniacal emperor (54-68 Ce). murdered mother, possibly started fire in Circus Maximus, later blamed Christians, burned for 5 days, 4 of fourteen districts destroyed
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who was falsely blamed for burning Rome
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peter and paul or Christians
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5 good Emperors
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Nerva, Trajan, Hadrian, Antonius Pius, and Marcus Aurielius
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who established the tetrachy
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Diocletain 284ce-305ce. He divided the empire into four portions . He ruled as absolute monarch from the Eastern or Asian sector. wore robes of blue and gold, required people to lie down when he entered a room
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where might one go in ancient Rome after dinner in the triclinium
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Circus Maximus for chariot races, colosseum for gladiatorial contest, animal fights, sacrifices
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what was the purpose and plan of the Augustus forum
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civic center, public area, market administration, Orators venue
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describe the Coosseum
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Large oval amphitheater made of concrete and stone. Held 50,00 spectators, 80 exterior arches each opening once displayed a sculpted god
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the columns of the colosseum
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three tiers with three orders of engaged arches
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the arch principle
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Ladyrinth or cages and rooms under the main floor which could be flooded
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describe the Pantheon
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circular temple with a rectangular portico, spacious interior with coffered domed ceiling. huge dome with 30 foot oculus. Anciant Apollodurus
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Pantheon Purpose
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temple to all gods statues of which graced the niches around the interior
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describe the Roman baths at the centers of social life
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lounges, bath,library, excursive rooms
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3 temperatures
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Frigidarium= cold bath, Tempidarium= lukewarm bath, Celibariun= hot bath
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what is the Ara Pacis
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a sacrificial alter, constructed under the aegis of Augustus. it was dedicated in 9 b.c. to commemorate the safe return of Augustus from Gaul and Spain
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how are perspective and reality achieved in the Ara Pacis
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it was political propaganda. note toes of figures and background figures
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how did St. Peter get atop Hadrians column
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Christain influence . pope sixtus (1587) receat the top
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what is the subject and length of the spiraling relief
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656 feet of spirals, 23 turns,150 scenes of Trajan's campaign against Romania in 101 C.E. 2,500 figures
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describe the typical equestrian statue such as Marcus Aurelius
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no weapons, no armor, hand extended in piece. horse leg up to show power over enemies
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how did the typical equestrain statue survive
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thought it was Constantine
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describe bust of Caracalla
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angry expression shows violence and power of emperor in third century Rome
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how is head of Constantine spiritual
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dreamy, far away look in his eyes
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Arch of Constantine
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compare to the medallions, the lower relief has no spacial illusions, no foreshortening
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describe the Villa of Mysteries in Pompei
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architectural style Fresco, brilliant red with scenes a bridal cult possibly of Dionysos
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stoic
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universe governed by fate and reason, later emperor Marcus Aurilus
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who was Epictetus
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slave who lived a simple life by accepting his condition and adjusting his life to it. attitude determined moral worth. serious demeanor
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what did Horace write
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Odes- praisful poetry, Ars Poetica guide to poetic writing, see "Ah God How They Race"
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