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17 Cards in this Set

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What is the model system for eukaryotic replication?
SV40
-small genome
-single origin of replication
-makes T-antigen (helicase)
-t-antigen is required for replication
In mammalian replication, how many origins are there?
multiple origins of replication (-1000)
What are the mammalian DNA polymerases?
polymerase alpha - primase
polymerase delta - leading strand synthesis
polymerase delta or epsilon - laggin strand
RNA is degraded by what in mammalian replication?
RNaseH
the okazaki fragments of mammals are ___than e. coli.
smaller
end replication problem
in mammalian, no polymerase available with 3'-5' activity after RNA primer is removed
telomere
seal the ends of chromosome to avoid undesirable fusion, and aberrant recombination

have hexameric repeats -TTAGGG/TTGGGG
telomerase
ribonucleoprotein (protein + RNA)
how telomeric repeats are synthesized
telomerase is a...
reverse transcriptase
binding: RNA template pairs with dNA primer
polymerization: RNA template directs additon of nucleotides to 3' end of DNA
translocation: enzyme moves to template 3' end
telomeres and aging
length of telomeres serves as a mitotic clock...
shortened telomeres induce: replicative senescense
apoptosis
essential features of life in its simplest form
membrane enclosed compartment
metabolism
reproduction
virus
obligatory intracellular parasites
completely dependent on host
virion
nucleic acid is wrapped in a protective coat
coreceptors of HIV
chemokine receptors
CXCR4 (t-cell tropic X4 isolates)
CCR5 (macrophage-tropic R5 isolates)
steps/enzymes targeted to prevent HIV infection
fusion
reverse transcriptase
protease
integrase
AZT
zidovudine. an analogue of deoxythymidine
prevents DNA chain elongation by reverse transcriptase
5-florouracil
inhibitor of DNA replication