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25 Cards in this Set
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- Back
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Solute
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a substance that is dissolved in a solution
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solution
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a liquid that is homogeneous mixture of two or more substances
NaCl and distilled water--example |
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solvent
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the dissolving agent of a solution. Water is the most versatile solvent known.
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hydrogen bond
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A ype of weak chemical bond that is formed when the slightly positive hydrogen atom of a polar covalent bond in one molecule is attracted to the slightly negative atom of a polar covalent bond in another molecule
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ionic bond
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A chemical bond resulting from the attraction between oppositly charged ions
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non polar covalent bond
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a type of covalent bond in which electrons are shared equally between two atoms of similar electronegativity
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covalent bond
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a type of STRONG chemical bond in which two atoms share one or more pairs of valence electrons
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electron energy
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energy levels of electrons around a nucleus
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electron location
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located in the electron cloud around the nucleus of an atom
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free energy
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The portion of a biological systems energy that can perform work when temperature and pressues are uniform throughout the system.
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chemical equilibrium
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in a chemical reaction the state in which the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction. So that the relative concentration of the reactants and products does not change with time
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thermodynamic
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The study of energy transformations taht occur in a collection of matter.
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closed system
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a state of being isolated from its surrounding environment
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eynzyme active site
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The site that holds a specific shape for a specific substrate to bind to it. Temp and Ph can change the active site shape
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entropy
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a measure of disorder or randomness
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activation energy
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The amount of energy that reactants must absorb before a chemical reaction will start. Also callled free energy of activation.
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enzyme
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A macromolecule serving as a catalyst, a chemical agent that changes the reate of a reaction without being consumed by the reaction
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open system
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continually interacts with the environment
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energy
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The capacity to cause change especially to do work (to move matter against an opposing force)
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anabolic pathway
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A metabolic pathway that consumes energy to synthesize a complex moleculle from simpler compounds
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catabolic pathway
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a metabolic pathway that releases energy by breaking down complex molecules to simpler compounds. Example: Glycolysis
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metabolism
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The totality off an organism's chemical reactions, consisting of catabolic and anabolic pathways, which manage the material and energy resources of the cell
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function of macro molecules
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basic building blocks of life. Structures that are made up of several molecules together and are very large
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anion
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A NEGatively charged ion
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cation
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a positively charged ion
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