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Molecular Genetics - Control of Gene Expression in Prokaryotes (Ch. 16)

By bamona19, Nov 2010

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Why is gene regulation important for bacterial cells?	for the development of transformation and for the control of numerous life processes in all organisms; turns genes on and off in response to environmental changes.
Name six different levels at which gene expression might be controlled.	1. alteration of gene structure 2. level of transcription 3. mRNA processing 4. regulation of RNA stability 5. level of translation 6.protein modification
Describe lac operon and how it controls metabolism of lactose.	Lac operon consists of 3 structural genes --> lacZ (encodes enzyme B-galactosidase), Y(encodes lactose permease), and A(encodes enzyme thiogalactoside transacetylase).
What is catabolite repression? How does it follow bacterial cell to use glucose in preference to other sugars?	A system of gene control in some bacterial operons in which glucose is used preferentially and the metabolism of other sugars is repressed in the prescence of glucose.
What is attenuation? What are mechanisms by which attenuator forms when tryptophan levels are high and the antiterminator forms when tryptophan levels are low?	The termination of transcription before structural genes of an operon are transcribed.