MUSIC 200 Exam #2- Class 11

• Born 1945 in Gwalior
• Long lineage of great Urdu poets
• Prominent screenwriter, lyricist
• Grew up between Lucknow and Bombay
• Sons in film director

o First film Seeta Aur Geeta (1969)
o Salim-Javed duo until 1981
o Wrote screenplay for Sholay and many other “Angry Young Man” films

o Silsila (1981) first film song lyrics
o “Hawa Hawaii”
o “Ek Do Teen”
o Dominant lyricist

o Mood, situation, meaningful to individual
o Fits situation, character
o Not just meaning of words, but phonetics
o Evoke memory, nostalgia

o Vocabulary (“groovy” for 1970s, “dude” for 1980s), fashion (thing in fashion today that weren’t in the 1970s)

contemplative songs (songs that get you to think about social problems, now there is a loss of those songs)

songs had much more of a Persian basis, Urdu is a much more high classical language, cosmopolitan language

most interesting songs come from people that were repressed, power of blues and jazz comes from African American tradition, Hindi film songs by women reflect repression

number of famous Urdu poets that wrote famous songs

Important lyricist...
Aradhana (1969), Sholay (1975), Amar Akbar Anthony (1977), DDLJ (1998), Taal (1999)

Important lyricist...
Mr. India (1985), Tezaab (1988), Lagaan (2000), Dil Chahta Hai (2001)

Important lyricist...
Dil Se (1998), Bunty Aur Babli (2005), Slumdog Millionaire (2008), Ishqiya (2010

• Continuation of the 1970s
• Angry Young Man
• Lost and Found
• Rape-Revenge: heroine is raped early in film, hero chases him and kills rapist; not nice form of film (reason why film critics hate 1980s films)
• Emergence of the Family Film: family relationships, institution of arranged marriage; changes narratives of films and music

• Repetitious melodies, songs
• Rhythmically heavy
• Disco, dance oriented
• Bappi Lahiri “borrowings”
• Beginning of cassette distribution (makes purchases of film songs much more available to working class people)

1970s: years when music quality declined
1980s: years when music industry hit an all time low

• New text to borrowed melody
• Widespread classical/folk practice worldwide
• Dates back to 13th century India
• Film songs borrow folk melodies
• Folk melodies borrow film songs
• Residue of previous texts

drinking song for gentlemen’s song, was set to a new set of lyrics and became the national anthem Star Spangled Banner

1988
• First modern family film
• Features actual good male dancer
• Institutions of arranged marriage: parents have a different set of ideas for children
• Ideal set of conventions: respect for your elders so allowing your elders pick your husband/wife
• Heroine set to live with friend of father who is extremely wealthy
• Hero and heroine fall in love very quickly
• Twist: father prohibits hero and heroine to get married
• Interesting film: borrowed very much from variety of different melodies from Western music

• Pushed boundaries of what they could do for that time
• Laximikan Kudalkar (1937-1998)
• Pyarelal Sharma (1940- )
• Commonly know as L-P
• Laxmikant meolody; Pyarelal arrangement
• Orchestra to arranging to music direction
• Debut film was Paraswami (1963)
• 400 films over 35 years
• Film titles in songs
• Pyarlel studied with Anthony Gonsalves
• Highest paid M.D.s in 1970s-80s

o Very influential in 1970s
o Very catchy tunes, but less emphasis on melody
o Smaller orchestras
o Less complex accompaniment
o Speech-song genre (“My Name is Anthony”)