|
Locke
(I/O) |
Goal Setting Theory
Employees love goals
especially if they help set 'em
and the goals are specific and moderate |
Lock in those goals |
|
Adams
(I/O) |
Social Comparison Theory of Motivation
Employee compares self with others.
If input/output are unequal, employee is NOT satisfied. |
Adam thinks, hey, I want an apple, too. |
|
Herzberg
(I/O) |
Two Factor Theory
HYGIENE factors (pay, bene, team)
We're unsatisfied when hygiene factors are bad.
MOTIVATOR factors (move up, get known)
We're satisfied when Motive factors are good. |
|
|
Fiedler
(I/O) |
Contingency Theory
Leadership effectiveness is contingent
on leader's style, luck, influence, position, and the task. |
Nero's fiddling was contingent on Rome burning. |
|
Hersey & Blanchard
(I/O) |
Situational Leadership
Leadership style is set by employee's job maturity
1. Telling
2. Selling
3. Participating
4. Delegating |
Hershey blanched.
1. This is how to make white chocolate.
2. You'll like white chololate!
3. I'll eat it with you.
4. In fact, how about you eat it FOR me. |
|
Kahneman & Tversky
(I/O) |
Cumulative Prospect Theory
Loss aversion: losses weigh more than gains, so let's avoid all risk. |
Tversky was adverse to risk. |
|
Heidler
(Social) |
Attribution Theory
The original attribution theory.
People make DISPOSITIONAL or SITUATIONAL attributions. |
The original Heidler was disposed to blame the situation. |
|
Kelley
(Social) |
People think of 3 types of info in making attributions:
1)CONSISTENCY OF BEHAVIOR
2)DISTINCTIVENESS (unique to situation?)
3) Consensus (would others do the same?)
Hi consistency + lo distinc + lo consensus = internal attrib.
Hi consistency + hi distinct + hi consens = external attrib. |
We contribute our success to our 3 Kelley girls:
1) always the same
2) completely unique
3) and everyone agrees. |
|
Weiner
(Social) |
Internal vs. External Attribution
Are factors stable? Bad luck is an unstable external factor.
Bad economy is a stable external factor. |
Weiner is inner. |
|
Festinger
(Social) |
Cognitive Dissonance
People change attitudes to decrease aversive arousal due to inconsistencies in cogs and behaves. They pump up the positive aspects of one side to rationalize. |
In Festinger's festival, the cog dancers were dissonant. |
|
Sherif
(Social) |
Robber's Cave study
2 separate groups of boys make cohesive teams of enemies.
Bring in a superordinate goal, and they join. |
When the robbers go into the cave, call the sherif. |
|
Cannon Bard |
Theory of Emotion
Emotions (limbic system activation) and bodily reactions (hypothalamus activation) occur simultaneously and are not dependent on one another. Has some animal research support. |
The Bard of Avon and the cannons of artillery wanted nothing to do with each other. |
|
Schacter |
2-Factor Theory
Emotion is the interaction between internal physiological reactions and cognitive labeling of the environment. |
Schacter interactor. |
