- Shuffle
Toggle OnToggle Off
- Alphabetize
Toggle OnToggle Off
- Front First
Toggle OnToggle Off
- Both Sides
Toggle OnToggle Off
Front
How to study your flashcards.
Right/Left arrow keys: Navigate between flashcards.right arrow keyleft arrow key
Up/Down arrow keys: Flip the card between the front and back.down keyup key
H key: Show hint (3rd side).h key
PLAY BUTTON
PLAY BUTTON
33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
what do alpha motor neurons innervate
|
extrafusual fibers of skeletal muscle
|
|
what do gamma motor neurons innervate
|
intrafusual fibers of neuromuscular spindles
|
|
what is a renshaw interneuron
|
glycergenic interneuron that are excited by collateral processes and act to switch off by inhibiting the alpha motoneuron which excited them
|
|
what are the tracts that control the flexor motor system and fine movement
|
corticospinal tracts
-lateral -anterior rubrospinal tectospinal |
|
what are the tracts that regulate the extensors (antigravity)posture and balance
|
reticulospinal
vestibulospinal -lateral -medial |
|
what is the primary volitional motor pathway
|
corticospinal tracts
|
|
what are the three subsets of the corticospinal tract
|
corticobulbar = motor brainstem
lateral = limb girdles anterior = neck and upper trunk |
|
what is the path of the corticospinal tract
|
1st = primary motor cortex broadmann area 5
through internal capsule and cruss cerebri cross at medullary pyramids 2nd = VH (alpha, gamma, and interneurons) |
|
where does anterior corticospinal tract cross at
|
crosses over at anterior whit commisure
|
|
what percent of lateral corticospinal tract crosses over at medullary pyramids
|
90%
8% anterior 2% uncrossed lateral |
|
what is the function of the rubrospinal tract
|
coordinates qudrapedal movements
activates flexor while inhibiting extensor |
|
rubrospinal tract crossed or uncrossed
|
crossed 100%
|
|
what is the path of the rubrospinal tract
|
red nucleus of tegmentum of midbrain crosses to interneurons and motoneurons of limbs
|
|
what is the function of the tectospinal tract
|
reflexive movements of the head and neck in response to visual and auditory stimuli
|
|
what is the path of the tectospinal tract
|
from tectal superior colliculi of roof of midbrain to cervical interneurons and motoneurons
|
|
spinotectal tract crossed or uncrossed
|
crossed
|
|
lateral vestibulospinal tract crossed or uncrossed
|
uncrossed
|
|
what is the function of the lateral vestibulospinal tract
|
control of extensor motor tone and postural adjustments by antigravity muscles in response to the movement or tilting of the head
|
|
what is the path of the lateral vestibulospinal tract
|
lateral vestibular nucei in medulla to interneurons and motoneurons innervatin extensors of the trunk and ipsilateral limbs
|
|
where does excitatory and inhibatory input come from for the lateral vestibulospinal tract
|
inhibitory = cerebellum
excitatory = vestibular apparatus |
|
medial vestibulospinal tract crossed or uncrossed
|
both
|
|
what is the function of the medial vestibulospinal tract
|
adjusts the position of the head in response to changes in posture
|
|
what is the path of the medial vestibulospinal tract
|
from medial vestibular nucleus descends to cervical spinal cord
|
|
what are the three different fiber systems of the reticulospinal tract
|
1 = mediates motor function
2 = mediates autonomic function 3 = pain modulation |
|
reticulospinal tract crossed or uncrossed
|
uncrossed in pons with some cross over in medulla
|
|
what is the path and function of the lateral reticulospinal tract
|
arises form gigantocellular nucleus projects bilaterally as lateral reticulospinal tract and suppresses extensor spinal reflex activity
|
|
what it the path and function of the medial reticulospinal tract
|
from medial pontine reticular nuclei descends ipsilaterally as medial reticulospinal tract facilitates extensor spinal reflexes
|
|
what is the path and function of the 2nd part of the reticulospinal tract
|
descends from anteriorlateral medulla to intermediolateral cell column of spinal cord(T1-L2)
excites sympathetic preganglionic neurons |
|
what is the path and function of the 3rd part of the reticulospinal tract
|
enkephalinergic neurons of upper pons/midbrain project to sertonergic neurons of the posterior horn synapsing on a 2nd group of enkephalingergic interneurons which synapse on incoming pain efferents modulate the activity of ascending pain impulses of the spinothalamic system
|
|
what is the function of the raphespinal tract
|
modulates sensory transmission between 1st and 2nd order neurons with respect to painful stimuli
|
|
what is the path of the raphespinal tract
|
from raphe nuclei of lower pons and medulla descends bilaterally in posterior funiculus modulates transmission of nociceptive information at spinal levels
|
|
what is the neurotransmitter of the raphespinal tract
|
serotonin
|
|
raphespinal tract crossed or uncrossed
|
uncrossed
|
