neuro: Personality Disorders: Ryan

what lobe is personality mostly in?

Freud’s Structure of Personality

The eysenck theory of personality

DSM-IV-TR General Criteria for a Personality Disorder

Cluster A
Cluster B
Cluster C

are personality disorders life long?

Abrupt change in personality: think...

Distrust and suspiciousness about the motives of others

Spouse fidelity suspected
Unforgiving (bears grudges)
Suspicious of others
Perceives attacks (and reacts quickly)
“Enemy or friend” (suspects associated and friends)
Confiding in others feared
Threats perceived in benign events

Detachment from social relationships and a restricted range of emotional expression.

Detached (or flattened affect)
Indifferent to criticism and praise
Sexual experiences of little interest
Tasks (activities) done solitarily
Absence of close friends
Neither desires nor enjoys close relations
Takes pleasure in few activities

do shizoid ppl want relations with other ppl?

Acute discomfort in close relationships, cognitive or perceptual distortions, and behavioral eccentricities



Magical thinking or odd beliefs
Experiences unusual perceptions
Paranoid ideation
Eccentric behavior or appearance
Constricted (or inappropriate) affect
Unusual (odd) thinking and speech
Lacks close friends
Ideas of reference
Anxiety in social situations
Rule out psychotic disorders

do schizotypal ppl want relations with others?

Disregard for and violation of the rights of others



Conformity to law lacking
Obligations ignored
Reckless disregard for safety of self or others
Remorse lacking
Underhanded (deceitful, lies, cons others)
Planning insufficient (impulsive)
Temper (irritable and aggressive)

Instability in emotions and interpersonal relationships, inadequate self image, fear of abandonment, and marked impulsivity

Abandonment
Mood instability (marked reactivity of mood)
Suicidal (or self-mutilating) behavior
Unstable and intense relationships
Impulsivity (in two potentially self-damaging areas)
Control of anger
Identity disturbance
Dissociative (or paranoid) symptoms that are transient and stress related
Emptiness (chronic feelings of)

Excessive emotionality and attention seeking, often dramatic



Provocative (or sexually seductive) behavior
Relationships (considered more intimate than they are)
Attention (uncomfortable when not the center of attention
Influenced easily
Style of speech (impressionistic, lacks detail)
Emotions (rapidly shifting and shallow)
Made up (physical appearance used to draw attention to self)
Emotions exaggerated (theatrical)

Grandiosity, a need for admiration, a lack of empathy for the problems and needs of others

Special (believes he or she is special and unique)
Preoccupied with fantasies (of unlimited success, power, brilliance, beauty, or ideal love)
Envious (of others, or believes others are envious of him or her)
Entitlement
Excess admiration required
Conceited (grandiose sense of self importance)
Interpersonal exploitation
Arrogant
Lacks empathy

Social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, and hypersensitivity to criticism or negativism


Certainty (of being liked required before willing to get involved with others)
Rejection (or criticism) preoccupies ones’ thought in social situations
Intimate relationships (restraint in intimate relationships due to fear of being shamed)
New interpersonal relationships (is inhibited in)
Gets around occupational activity (involving significant interpersonal contact)
Embarrassment (potential) prevents new activity or taking personal risks
Self viewed (as unappealing, inept, or inferior)

Submissive and clinging behavior and fears of separation

Reassurance (required for decisions)
Expressing disagreement difficult (due to fear of loss of support or approval)
Life responsibilities (needs to have these assumed by others)
Initiating projects difficult (due to lack of self-confidence)
Alone (feels helplessness and discomfort when alone)
Nurturance (goes to excessive lengths to obtain nurturance and support)
Companionship (another relationship) sought urgently when close relationship ends
Exaggerated fears of being left to care for self

Preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism, and control



Loses point of activity (due to preoccupation with detail)
Ability to complete tasks (compromised by perfectionism)
Worthless objects (unable to discard)
Friendships (and leisure activities) excluded (due to preoccupation with work)
Inflexible, scrupulous, over conscientious (on ethics values, or morality; not accounted for by religion or culture)
Reluctant to delegate (unless others submit to exact guidelines)
Miserly (toward self and others)
Stubbornness (and rigidity)