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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
|
Where is the lesion?
complex sensory loss asterognosis/agraphesthesia visual spatial loss (neglect) difficulty localizing more conspicuous loss in hands |
Cortex
|
Sensory signs/symptoms |
|
Where is the lesion?
loss of primary sensory modalities possible visual disturbances spontaneous painful sensations |
Subcortical, thalamus
|
Sensory signs/symptoms |
|
Where is the lesion?
clumsiness and incoordination |
Cerebellum
|
Sensory signs/symptoms |
|
Where is the lesion?
sensory changes seen in cranial nerves and long tracts |
Brainstem
|
Sensory signs/symptoms |
|
Where is the lesion?
well demarcated level below which there is decreased sensory perception (sensory level) modality variability |
Spinal Cord
|
Sensory signs/symptoms |
|
Where is the lesion?
weakness or paralysis spasticity with increased tendon reflexes little, if any muscular atrophy |
Cortex
|
Motor signs/symptoms |
|
Where is the lesion?
dyskinesias abnormal posturing (dystonia) possible hemiparesis |
Subcortical, Basal Ganglia
|
Motor signs/symptoms |
|
Where is the lesion?
ataxia and intention tremors dysmetria and hypotonia dysdiadochokinesia possible depressed or pendular DTRs |
Cerebellum
|
Motor signs/symptoms |
|
Where is the lesion?
motor changes seen in cranial nerve territories and may be LMN or UMN signs long tract involvement with UMN signs |
Brainstem
|
Motor signs/symptoms |
|
Where is the lesion?
spastic weakness with increased DTRs dysautonomia acute injury has flaccid paralysis with decreased DTRs |
Spinal Cord
|
Motor signs/symptoms |
|
Where is the lesion?
language/intellectual functional deficits pathologic reflexes may be present disturbances in memory and recall |
Cortex
|
Special features |
|
Where is the lesion?
gait disturbances |
Subcortical, (thalamus / basal ganglia)
|
Special features |
|
Where is the lesion?
possible signs of brainstem involvement gait disturbances possible disturbed eye movements Rebound phenomenon may be present |
Cerebellum
|
Special features |
|
Where is the lesion?
crossed signs of facial/body involvement CN + long tracts = brainstem lesion |
Brainstem
|
Special features |
|
Where is the lesion?
pathologic reflexes and clonus bowel/bladder dysfunction due to autonomic disturbances absence of fasciculations/atrophy |
Spinal Cord
|
Special features |
|
Where is the lesion?
dermatomal loss of sensation asymmetric distribution that may be distal or proximal |
Nerve root
(radiculopathy) |
Sensory signs/symptoms |
|
Where is the lesion?
territorial distribution of sensory loss usually distal asymmetric loss |
Peripheral nerve
|
Sensory signs/symptoms |
|
Where is the lesion?
absence of sensory changes |
Neuromuscular Junction
OR Myopathy |
Sensory signs/symptoms |
|
Where is the lesion?
flaccid weakness decreased DTRs presence of fasciculations |
Nerve root (radiculopathy)
OR Peripheral nerve |
Motor signs/symptoms |
|
Where is the lesion?
weakness that may be patchy in distribution weakness noticed worse with exercise or later in the day normal or reduced tone and DTRs |
Neuromuscular junction
|
Motor signs/symptoms |
|
Where is the lesion?
proximal weakness, usually symmetric absence of atrophy or fasciculations normal DTRs and mass until late in disease absence of sphincter disturbances |
Myopathy
|
Motor signs/symptoms |
|
Where is the lesion?
pain is usually present atrophy early with fasciculations |
Nerve root (radiculopathy)
OR Peripheral nerve |
Special features |
|
Where is the lesion?
effects muscles of face, eyes, and jaw early can be tested by sustaining upward gaze |
Neuromuscular junction
|
Special features |
|
Where is the lesion?
Family history usually provides clues to diagnosis |
Myopathy
|
Special features |
