• Shuffle
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Alphabetize
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Front First
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Both Sides
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
Front

How to study your flashcards.

Right/Left arrow keys: Navigate between flashcards.right arrow keyleft arrow key

Up/Down arrow keys: Flip the card between the front and back.down keyup key

H key: Show hint (3rd side).h key

image

PLAY BUTTON

image

PLAY BUTTON

image

Progress

1/15

Click to flip

Card Range To Study

through

15 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
84. What is pain in the adnexa or lower abdomen in the 2nd or early 3rd Trimester due to?
a. Round ligament pain.
b. Likely secondary to rapid expansion of uterus and stretching of the ligamentous attachments, such as round ligament.
85. What causes ↑’d frequency of urination?
a. Compression of bladder.
b. ↑’d intravascular volumes and elevated GFR can also contribute.
c. Pts should be advised to keep up PO hydration despite urinary frequency.
86. What fetal abnormalities can the fetus be screened for?
1. Cystic Fibrosis
2. Tay-Sachs
3. Sickle-cell
4. Thalassemia.
b. Fetal karyotypes and genetic screens can be obtained via amniocentesis or chorionic villus sampling (CVS).
87. When is U/S most accurate for dating age?
a. First Trimester.
88. What is the Biophysical Profile (BPP)- monitored by U/S?
a. Looks at 5 categories and gives a score of either 0 or 2 for each:
1. Amniotic fluid volume
2. Fetal Tone
3. Fetal activity
4. Fetal Breathing movements
5. Nonstress test (NST)
b. A BPP of 8-10 is reassuring.
89. What is the NST (Nonstress test)?
a. A test of fetal heart rate.
90. When is the NST considered formally active (a reassuring sign)?
a. If there are 2 accelerations of fetal heart rate in twenty minutes that are at least 15 beats above the baseline.
91. What 3 things does Formal antenatal testing include?
1. NST (Nonstress test)
2. Oxytocin Challenge Test (OCT)
3. BPP (Biophysical profile)
92. How is an OCT (Oxytocin challenge test) or Contraction Stress Test (CST) performed?
a. By getting at least contractions in 10 minutes and analyzing the fetal hart rate (FHR) tracing during that time).
93. How is Percutaneous Umbilical Blood Sampling (PUBS) performed?
a. By placing a needle transabdominally into the uterus and phlebotomizing the umbilical cord.
94. When is Percutaneous Umbilical Blood Sampling (PUBS) performed?
a. When fetal hct needs to be obtained
i. Particularly in setting of Rh immunization, other causes of fetal anaemia, and hydrops
b. Also used for fetal transfusion, karyotype analysis, and assessment of fetal platelet count in Alloimmune thrombocytopenia.
95. How is fetal lung maturity tested?
a. Amniotic fluid sample obtained through amniocentesis.
b. Classically, Lecithin to Sphingomyelin (L/S) ratio has been used.
96. Premise behind Lecithin to Sphingomyelin (L/S) ratio?
a. Type II pneumocytes secrete a surfactant that uses phospholipids in its synthesis.
b. Commonly, lecithin increase as the lungs mature, whereas sphingomyelin decreases beyond about 32 wks.
c. The L/S ratio should therefore increase as the pregnancy progresses.
97. L/S ratio greater than what value is associated w/only rare cases of Respiratory Distress Syndrome?
a. L/S ratio above 2.
98. Other fetal lung maturity tests?
a. Levels of Phosphatidylglycerol PG
b. Saturated phosphatidyl choline (SPC)
c. Presence of lamellar body count
d. Surfactant to Albumin ratio (S/A).