OCS 101- 9/14-10/22

1. performed on a relaxed patient by physician
Functions- to place stretch on posterior extensor muscles of cervical region and place stressed muscles back to normal state
Precautions- slow stretch to prevent activation of the golgi organ tendon reflex

- treat any muscle of thoracolumbar region that run parallel to spinous processes, including the erector spinae and their subdivisions

a. Enveloping soft tissue
b. Contractile or elastic

a. Support and Flow (musculoskeletal support and vascular flow)
b. Restraining mechanisms-- pulleys tendonous sheaths
c. Formation of Bursa sacks- decreases friction
d. Preserve contour of limbs- deep fascia
e. Superficial storage of fat
f. Healing- deposition of collagen fibers in scar tissue
g. Attachment/origin muscles

a. stress- force normalized over an area on which it acts (process of stretching)
b. strain- change in shape as a result of stress

a. stiffness- ratio of load to amount of deformation it causes (tight concept)
b. Compliance- inverse to stiffness (loose concept)
c. Creep- continual deformation of viscoelastic material with time under constant load
d. Viscoelastic material- any material that deforms in relation to rate of loading and deformity

Many of the fascia dysfunctions cause somatic dysfunctions

1. Wolf's law- tissue laid down upon by stress (scar)
2. Hook's law- amount of strain is dependent on the amount of stress (force) applied--> pinball
3. Newton's 3rd law- force equal and opposite

Fascial patterns- both mechanical and behavioral that affect neuroflexive and neurovascular function
1. genetics
2. age
3. behavior
4. lifestyle factors

1. Passive- external body form are easily seen, and internal show asymmetric structural supports, muscle inhibition, non-motion aspects
2. Active- daily activities- standing walking, sleeping, working

Zink describes- Areas of restriction frequently at transition zones
a. OA
b. Cervicothoracic
c. Thoracolumbar
d. Lumbrosacral

Many causes-
a. handeness
b. eye dominance
c. foot preference
d. leg length discrepancies

1. compensated patterns- zigzag pattern of pulling LRLR or uncommon RLRL
2. uncompensated- no alteration in pattern or incomplete alterations

a. Body's recognition of surroundings-- directly involved in patterning of body fascial patterns
i. joint and muscle account for 25%
ii. fascial sheaths 75%
b. change in force in tissue that causes problems (cables off radio towers)
i. tight/looseness concept- tight in one area loose in another- "hard end feel"

Tightness- deep and superficial fascia, large small muscle groups, bone
Loose- joint laxation or without neural inhibition
Causes- SD, synovial joint changes, trauma to CNS, PNS, reflexes, behavior

Fascia adapts and adjusts to stress imposed on it but over time could change function

1. Postural insult
2. Emotional - depressed posture
3. trauma (repetitive)

Physiological- stress points or tender points develop

Emotional- fear, anger, and depression have patterns of tension and postural effects

Structural- muscle assymetry

1. increase pliability and motion
2. Increase circulation of fluid
3. Neuro effect- decrease spasms
4. Increase muscle tone in bed ridden pts

a. applied forces are vector quantities that measure a pressure over an area in motion it is F = ma and Total F= resultant force
b. rotational types of force= torque= Fd
c.
i. tensions- pulling object outward perpindicularly to elongate or stretch it
ii. compression- pushing object inward perpendicularly to shorten or commpress.
iii. Shear- force parallel to objects
iv. Torsion- rotation- like forces, twisting
v. bending- rotation like but folding on neutral axis
Sum of all stresses called load

a. isotrophic- respond same way no matter where stress is placed
b. anisotrophic- heterogenous object that responds to same pressure differently depending on location of pressure

material failure as a result of multiple repeats of stress

become stronger and stiffer in response to stresses, and weaker and less stiff with a reduction in stress.

1. eccentric- act to decelerate or resist movement
2. concentric- movement in direction of muscle contraction
3. isometric- contractions without gravity, static posture against gravity
1. isotonic- muscle contraction with a change in length under constant tension

controlled falling with propulsion when the center of mass of the body is subjected to relatively small verticle displacements. (walking) ... compensation can result in limps and pain