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32 Cards in this Set

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Type I Spondylolisis
Dysplastic.
A congenital defect of L5. Seen in girls > boys
Type II Spondylolisis
Isthmic.
This is most common. it is a pathology of the pars interticularis
Type III Spondylolisis
Degenerative.
Mostly at L4. This is seen in patients above 50, F>M, and Blacks more than Whites
Type IV Spondylolisis
Traumatic.
Fractures anywhere but the pars. This heals.
Type V Spondylolisis
Pathologic.
This is a bone disease secondary to cancer or Paget's Disease
A patient with achy and shooting back pain exacerbated by walking and backward bending is probably
suffering from spinal stenosis
Most common congenital anomaly in Lumbar region
Zygopophyseal tropism
-Asymmetry of joint facets
Level of the sternal notch
T2
If there is an exhalation restriction from T6-T12 which is the key rib?
T12
The transverse processes of T9 are located at
The SP of T10
(Rule of 3s)
Where are the T2 TPs located?
Same horizontal plane as SP (Rule of 3s)
What is the primary motion of T11?
F/E

>SB>Rotation
Main motion of Rib 5?
Pump handle
The spine of the scapula is at
T3
The sternal angle is at
T4
Ddx of achy low back pain
- Spondylolysis/listhesis
-Ankylosis
-Spondylosis
-Osteoarthritis (focal)
-Spinal stenosis
Where do you do an epidural?
Sacral hiatus
Inferior angle of the scapula
T7
Poor springy-ness over the lumbosacral junction indicates
either a unilateral or bilateral posterior sacral vase
A Positive Roos test indicates
the presence of thoracic outlet syndrome.

(You flex both arms at the elbow, externally rotate them, and abducted to 90 degrees. If they can't clench the fist = positive).
What does Speed's test check for?
the presence of biceps tendinitis
How do you do Sulcus Sign?
Pull down on the arm.
If there is a sulcus inferior or lateral to the acromion, it's positive.
What's the difference between Apley's compression and distraction test?
Compression identifies meniscal damage, while distraction checks for collateral ligaments
What's the difference between the Cervical distraction and Spurling's test?
Spurling = pain radiating down the arm on same side while clinician sidebends and compresses the head.
Cervical Distraction = pain relieved by lifting up on neck
Underberg's test identifies
poor profusion to the brain.
Have the patient march in place while arms are flexed to 90 degrees with hands supinated, eyes closed, neck extended, and head rotated to one side and then the other.
Crank test identifies
chronic shoulder dislocation.
(aka apprehension test for the shoulder)
What does Lasegue's test check for?
Lumbar nerve root pathology secondary to disc herniation

(AKA Straight leg raising test)
What's the difference between Hip Drop Test and Trelendenburg Test?
Hip Drop checks for the sidebending capacity of the lumbar and thoracolumbar spine

Trelendenberg = strength of gluteus medius and minimus muscle + integrity of superior gluteal nerve
When is Bragard's test done?
After Lasegue's test. It confirms the former test's findings.

After Lasegue, lower the leg to relieve the pain and dorsiflex the foot. If the pain is reproduced, this is a positive test and confirms Lasegue
Hoover Test is done to detect
Malingering.

If patient has difficulty raising a leg on request when supine, but fails to create d
Patrick's/FABER test is done by having the patient
Flex, ABduct, and externally rotate the hip joint.


it tests for hip pathologies
Finkelstein's test checks for
tenosinovitis of the extensor and adductor pollicis brevis