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13 Cards in this Set

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effects of UV radiation on ocular tissue
1. photokeratitis
2. pterygia
3. pinguecula
4. climate droplet keratopathy
5. cataract
6. retina (aphakia)ef
effect of IR radiation on ocular tissue
1. corneal opacification
2. iris congestion, depigmentation, and atrophy
3. lens exfoliation cataract
4. retina (necrotic burns)
% reflected = (equation)
((n'-n)^2/(n'+n)^2)I
transmission formula
Tu= T1 x T2 x T3

transmission through lens system is product of individual transmissions
opacity= (equation)
1/T
photochromic lenses characteristics
1. respond primarily to UV radiation
2. temperature dependent
polarizing lenses characteristics
1. block reflections that are horizontally polarized
2. analyzer oriented vertically
what are the ANSI standards for tinted lenses
1. general purpose
2. cosmetic
3. special purposes
1. general purpose
8-40% T

2. cosmetic
>40% T

3. special purposes
3-7% T
what is the rule for tinted glasses? when should they be used
1. sunglasses for bright outdoor conditions should be 10-20% T
2. lenses with T<8% should NOT be used for driving
3. NO TINT should be used for night driving
what is anisometropia
1. different dioptric power in each eye
2. risk factor for amblyopia based on refractive error
8 ways to deal with vertical imbalance
1. lowering distance OC
2. single vision lenses for reading only
3. dissimilar bifocal seg
4. compensated bifocal seg
5. prism seg
6. slab off prism
7. fresnel press on prism
8. contact lenses
relationship in eikonic lens design
1. decrease mag of more plus lens (flatter/thinner)
2. increase mag of more minus lens (steeper/thicker)
knapps law
1. fit axial ametropes with SPECTACLES
2. fit refractive ametrope with CONTACT LENSES

estimating aniseikonia
1% per diopter of anisometropia