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32 Cards in this Set

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What is an opioid prototype Agonist?
Morphine Sulfate, it activates mu receptors
What is an opioid prototype Agonist/antagonist?
Pentazocine, agonist for Kappa antagonist of mu
What is a Narcotic antagonist?
Naloxone, block mu receptors. must be given in a drip due to its short half-life.
What are the Pharmokinetics of morphine?
Absorbed IM, IV (PCA), SC, Rapid onset. Large 1st pass. effect.
What opioids are in pregnancy category C?
Morphine, Pentazocine, Fentanyl
What opioids are risk B in pregnancy?
Oxycodone, Meperidine, naloxone
Which opioid may be given via a transdermal patch?
Fentanyl, use no creams or soaps. always wear gloves. replace every 24-48hrs.
What opioid is given in the form of lollipop or lozenger?
Fentanyl
What is one large drawback of using Meperidine?
It can not be used long term because it has a toxic metabolite, Normeperidine.
Oxycodone is compounded with what, when given orally?
Acetaminophen or aspirin.
In the pure form Oxycodone has no ceiling and is administered by an IV, but this form carries with it a risk D, what is the name given to it?
Oxycontin
The IV form of Fentanyl is used mainly for?
Anesthesia
This Schedule II drug is great for pain management, available in 3 strengths, and the tablets dissolve slowly therefore they can not be crushed or chewed.
What is oxycontin
This is a pure mu antagonist and is used to treat respiratory depression following a narcotic overdose.
What is Naloxone
These are two pharmacological Non-Opioids that are used for pain management.
What are NSAIDS and capsaicin
This topical treatment for pain relief works by first dumping all the substance P which results in an individual feeling relief of pain.
What is capsaicin
Mu receptor type drugs have the following effects.
Analgesia, Respiratory Depression, Sedation, Euphoria, Physical Dependence and Decreased GI motility
These receptor type drugs have the following effects: Analgesia, Sedation, and Decreased GI Motility.
What is Kappa receptor drugs.
Opioids always bind to a Mu, Kappa, or Delta Receptor.
What is a transmembrane receptor
An endorphin is an endogenous opioid of what receptor type?
Mu
Enkephalin is an endogenous opioid of what receptor type?
Kappa
Dynorphin is an endogenous opioid of what receptor type?
Delta
Dynorphin, a delta opioid is not used for what reason?
They increase pain.
What are the three dosing schedules followed for pain?
PCA, PRN, and fixed schedule
For mild to moderate pain you would prescribe which of the following: NSAIDS, Opioid Analgesic, or Substitute Opioid?
For mild - moderate you should give and non opioid anti-inflammatory. Opioid Analgesic like hydrocodone or oxycodone are for More severe pain. For the most severe pain Morphine or Fentanyl can be prescribed.
What does PQRST stand for and how do you use it?
This for pain assessment, Provokes- what makes it better, what makes it worse. Quality- is it a dull or sharp pain. Radiating- is localized does it shoot outward. Severity- how severe is the pain. are there other symptoms. Time- how long has it last and when was the onset.
This works by increasing a substance block and therefore decreasing the pain.
This is in the area of the noiciceptors
This works by attacking the pain at the heart of it all.
This in the CNS.
The first pair of fibers in pain. Relays the message of a sharp acute pain.
What is the fast myelinated A-delta fibers.
This is the fibers that relay a more slow persistent pain.
Unmyelinated C Fibers.
This type of pain is aching, gnawing, shooting pain. It is well localized and in the bones, Soft tissue, and skin.
What is Somatic Subcutaneous, Deep.
What is visceral pain?
Deep tissue and surrounding organs, results from distention, stretching or ischemia of the tissue.