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22 Cards in this Set

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What are some classic emergency red flags
purpuric rash, bulging fontanelle, biphasic stridor, high pitched scream, (prim neuro/abuse), bile stained vomiting, persistent tachy, grunting (overcoming high closing volumes)
What are the ABCDs of recognising serious illness
A (Arousal, alertness, activity), Breathing (effort, effectiveness), C (circulatory), D (daily fluid balance)
What are signs of resp distress
grunting, audible noises, nasal flare, recessions, accessory muscle, posturing, rr, head bobbing, palpable pulsus paradoxus
Whats the difference between resp distress and failure
failure you cannot oxygenate, distress is increased work
What are the grades of capillary refill
normal <2 seconds, mild 2-3, mod 3-4, major >4
What are the first signs of blood loss
dropping diastolic and widening pulse pressure
When is fluid intake reduced
if it is less than half normal,
when is urine output reduced in a toddler
less than 4 wet nappies in 24hrs
What are some serious illnesses with normal ABCD
neutropenia, abuse, malignancy, intersuss, acute abd/scrotum
why is dex given with adrenalin in croup
reduce rebound hyperaemia in mucosa when adrenalin wears of
what is a complication of retropharyngeal absces
mediastinitis
what does pus around the vocal chords and subglottic area indicate
bacterial tracheitis
What are signs of severe asthma
persistent tachyp, tachycard, pulse ox <93%, accessory muschle, compromised cerebral perfusion, inability to talk, pulsus paradox
What are indications to intubate asthma pt
decrease loc, apnoea, exhaustion, rising co2 after aggressive tx, pao2<60, ph<7.2
ddx for wheezing
asthma, bronchiolitis, congenital diaphrag hernia, leukaemia (widened mediastinum), foreign body
When will you admit a febrile pt
lethargy, poor feeding, irritability, poor perfusion, reduced uo
What is in a full septic work up
blood count and film, blood cultures, cxr, urinalysis, stool culture/faecal WCC, lumbar puncture
2 wks non bilious vomiting, ravenously hungry post vomits, weight loss, palpable peristalsis, metabolic hypochloraemic alkalosis
Pyloric stenosis
o Intermittent colicky abd pain, recurrent and maybe getting worse
intersusseption
o 4 yr old sever aabd pain, diagnosed with gastro, suddenly stopped and became unwell
perf appendicitis
o   4 yr old abd px and vomiting, bedwetting, polyuric, polydipsia
DKA
What to beware of in a vomiting pt with abd px
bilious vomiting, fever over 39, blood, severe px, very young infant