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14 Cards in this Set

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1. Next step in eval of suspected child abuse?
a. Obtain a skeletal survey.
2. Abusive head trauma (Shaken Baby or Shaken impact syndrome)?
a. Brain injury resulting from violent shaking of the infant or shaking the infant followed by collision of the head against a hard surface.
b. Infants may present w/seizures, respiratory arrest, bulging fontanelle, or irritability.
c. Intracranial injury may be found w/CT or MRI and retinal haemorrhages may be visualized on fundoscopy.
d. Skeletal injuries such as rib fractures may also be present.
3. Most common form of child maltreatment?
a. Neglect.
b. Consists of failure to provide adequate nutrition, shelter, supervision, or medical care.
4. Value of Developmental hx?
a. Helps determine if the events described by a family is a plausible explanation for injuries found (eg, a 10-month-old child is unable to climb into a bathtub, turn on the water, and sustain 2nd-degree burns only to the buttocks.
5. Skeletal survey?
a. Includes skull, chest, spine, and limbs.
b. Assists in obtaining evidence of prior trauma in children < 3yrs.
c. Recent fractures might not be detectable on plain radiographs for 1-2 weeks after an injury.
d. If necessary, bone scans demonstrate fractures w/I 24-48 hours.
6. Eval of children with bruising?
a. Platelet count and coag studies to eliminate haematologic disorders.
b. Keep in mind that bruising is also common in normal children.
c. Accidently bruises are usually found over bony areas (knees, shins, elbows, forehead) and appropriate for the child’s developmental milestones.
d. Abdomen, buttocks, thighs, and inner arm bruises occur less frequently in cases of accidental trauma.
7. Presentation of intentional hot water immersion?
a. Usually leaves a sharply demarcated border.
b. The “stocking glove” distribution is a classic pattern.
c. Cigarette burns are circular and appear similar to impetigo.
8. Rare paediatric conditions w/increased risk of bone injury?
a. Osteogenesis imperfecta
b. Scurvy
c. Cortical hyperostosis
d. Menkes Kinky hair disease.
9. Nursemaid’s elbow?
a. Child hold’s arm close to body w/elbow flexed a forearm pronated.
b. It is a radial head subluxation that occurs accidentally when a toddler falls while walking and holding an adult’s hand.
10. How do you reduce subluxation form Nursemaid’s elbow?
a. Apply radial head pressure while supinating the arm.
b. If tx is not delayed, he will usually begin using the arm promptly.
11. Inheritance of Osteogenesis Imperfecta?
a. Auto Dom.
12. Features of Osteogenesis Imperfecta?
a. Long bone fractures and vertebral injury w/minimal trauma.
b. Short stature
c. Deafness
d. Blue Sclerae.
13. 4 types of Osteogenesis Imperfecta?
a. Type I: Mild
b. Type II: Lethal (in utero or shortly thereafter)
c. Type III: Most severe
d. Type IV: Moderately severe
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