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58 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Treponema pallidum
Bacteria
1. Syphilis
2. STD or during child birth
3. Humans are only known reservoirs
Borrelia burgdorferi
Bacteria
1. Lymes Disease
2. Deer ticks
3. Mostly in North America, Some in Europe
Neisseria gonorrheae
Bacteria
1. Gonorrheae
2. STD
3. Asymptomatic males (and some females) with urethritis
Neisseria meningitidis
Bacteria
1. Meningitis
2. Close contact with carrier, Immunocompromised people
3. Nasopharynx of humans
Legionella pneumophila
Bacteria
1. Legionnaire’s Disease
2. Direct contact with contaminated water
3. Water systems in buildings
Bordetella pertussis
Bacteria
1. Whooping Cough (aka Pertussis)
2. Coughing and nasal drops
3. No animal reservoir, humans only
Escherichia coli
Bacteria
. UTI’s, Food Poisoning
2. Fecal - Oral
3. Large intestines natural flora
Salmonella typhi
Bacteria
1. Typhoid Fever
2. Fecal - Oral Route, Eating infected meat
3. Raw chicken and goose eggs,
Shigella dysenteriae
Bacteria
1. Shigellosis (bacillary dysentery)
2. Contaminated food and water, poor hygiene handling food
3. Humans and high primates
Klebsiella pneumoniae
Bacteria
1. Pneumoniae or UTI’s
2. Opportunistic - fecal-oral, then aspirated into lungs where infection occurs
3. Reservoir - Intestinal tract of human and animals
Yersinia pestis
Bacteria
1. Bubonic Plague
2. Fleas
3. Rodents
Vibrio cholerae
Bacteria
1. Cholera
2. Fecal-oral, usually in water supply
3. Plankton, Zooplankton (zoonotic)
Hemophilus influenzae
Bacteria
1. Meningitis, ear/nose/throat infections
2. Breath droplets
3. Asymptomatic Humans
Rickettsia rickettsii
Bacteria
1. Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
2. Ticks
3. Zoonotic - ticks
Chlamydia trachomatis
Bacteria
1. Chlamydia
2. Sexually tranmitted
3. Asymptomatic males
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Bacteria
1. Pneumoniae
2. Respiratory droplets
3. Asymptomatic humans
Staphylococcus aureus
1. Skin infections
2. Opportunistic - skin to skin generally
3. Natural flora of skin on humans
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Bacteria
1. Pneumonia
2. Breath droplets
3. Humans (usually children
Streptococcus pyogenes
bacteria
1. Pharyngitis (strep throat), Rheumatic Fever, Scarlet Fever, Streptococcal Toxic Shock
2. Bodily fluids, close contact
3. Skin, Mucous membrane
Bacillus anthracis
bacteria
1. Anthrax
2. Inhaling endospores in soil, animal hides, and wool
3. Domestic animals, soil
Clostridium botulinum
bacteria
1. Botulism
2. Eating toxin-contaminated food
3. Water reservoirs, in nature, etc
Clostridium tetani
bacteria
1. Tetanus
2. Soil-born endospores embedded deep into tissue
3. Soil (environmental
Clostridium perfringens
1. Gas gangrene
2. Soil-born endospores contaminate wounds
3. Soil, Intestinal tracks of humans and animals, Insects
Clostridium difficile
bacteria
1. Pseudomembranous colitis (severe diarrhea)
2. Taking antibiotics which kill intestine’s normal flora
3. Intestines
Corynebacterium diphtheriae
bacteria
1. Diphtheria
2. Breath droplets
3. Humans
Proprionibacterium acnes
bacteria
1. Acne vulgaris
2. - - -
3. Human skin (mostly face, neck and back)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
bacteria
1. Tuberculosis
2. Breath droplets
3. Humans
Mycobacterium leprae
bacteria
1. Leprosy
2. Unknown
3. Humans
Listeria monocytogenes
bacteria
. Listeriosis
2. Eating bad food
3. Soil - water - animals
Pneumocystis carinii
fungi
. Pneumonia
2. Immunodeficiency
3. Humans
Candida albicans
fungi
1. Thrush, Yeast Infections
2. Many
3. Normal Flora Humans
Aspergillus
fungi
1. Aspergilossus
2. Wet areas, indoors
Histoplasma capsulatum
fungi
1. Histoplasmosis
2. Inhalation
3. Soil
Blastomyces dermatitidis
fungus
1. Lung Infection - Blastomycosis
2. From reservoir only - inhalation
3. Moist Soil, decomposing organic material
Cryptococcus neoformans
fungus
. Cryptococcosis
2. Opportunistic - inhalation
3. Bird Poop
Trichophyton
fungus
1. Athlete’s foot “tinea capitis” - skin, hair nail infections, sometimes ringworm, dermatophytosis (skin infection)
2. Indirect contact or direct contact
3. Between toes…? Others?
Microsporum
fungus
1. Dermatophytosis (skin infection)
2. Direct or indirect contact
3. Asymptomatic carriers, cats
Entamoeba histolytica
protazoa
1. Amebiases
2. Contaminated food or water (cyst ingestion)
3. Humans
Giardia lamblia
protazoa
1. Giardiasis (diarrhea)
2. Cysts
3. Humans, Contaminated lakes
Trichomonas vaginalis
protazoa
1. Trich
2. STD
3. Humans
Trypanosoma brucei
Protazoa
1. African Sleeping Sickness
2. Insect vector: Tsetse fly
3. Humans
Trypanosoma cruzi
protazoa
1. Chagas disease
2. Insect feces scratched into a bite
3. Animals
Balantidium coli
protazoa
1. Balantidiases
2. Fecal - oral (contaminated food/water)
3. Pigs and other animals
Plasmodium malariae
protazoa
1. Malaria
2. Insect vector
3. Human
Toxoplasma gondii
1. Toxoplasmosis
2. Cats - litter boxes à infects fetus in wombs otherwise not harmful
3. Cat feces
Cryptosporidium
protazoa
1. Cryptosporidiosis
2. Water
3. Water reservoirs (environmental)
adenoviruses
virus
1. Infection - usually respiratory tract
2. Fecal-oral, direct contact, airborne
3. Humans
papovaviruses
virus
1. HPV
2. STD
3. Humans
herpesviruses:
(Simplex)
1. Genital Herpes
2. STD
Herpesvirus:
(varicella-zoster)
1. Chicken Pox
2. Airborne, direct contact
Herpesvirus:
(CMV)
1. Cytomegalovirus
2. Bodily fluids
rhinoviruses
1. Common Cold
2. Airborne or Contact
3. Humans
poliovirus
1. Polio
2. Fecal-oral
rubellavirus
1. Rubella
2. Air droplets
arboviruses
1. Arthropod Born Viruses
2. Insects spread
3. Small animals
measles virus
1. Measles
2. Coughing
3. No Reservoir
mumps virus
1. Mumps
2. Coughing/sneezing
3. Humans
HTLV I and II
1. T-cell leukemia and lymphoma
2.