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16 Cards in this Set

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what is the primary difference between acute and chronic?
Acute is (potentially) curable. Chronic is not.
What is the difference between compression atelectases and absorption atelectases?
Compression atelectases is caused by external pressure pressing down on alveoli. Absorption atelectases is caused by internal obstruction of the alveoli.
Tumors and fluid in the pleural space represent what kind of atelectases?
Compression atelectasis.
Internal obstructions like secretions in bronchi/bronchiole represent what kind of atelectases?
Absorption atelectases
Atelectasis is common...
after surgery
Atelectasis is a ____ unit
shunt
What are the clinical manifestations for atelectasis?
Crackles (rales), decreased breath sounds, dyspnea, cough, and fever.
ABGs for Atelectasis would have ___ PCO2, ____PO2, _____SaO2, and _____dosis.
increased PCO2, Decreased PO2, decreased SaO2, and respiratory acidosis.
Treatment of atelectasis:
Figure out the cause and treat for it, then ventilate - cough and deep breath.
Define pleural effusion
Presence of fluid in pleural space.
Define transudate (hydrothorax)
Water accumulation in pleural space (can be caused by kidney, cardiac, and/or liver disease)
Define Exudate.
Fluid is increased in proteins (e.g. infection, malignancy.) Inside the pleural space.
Pus (empyema)
Infection in pleural space
Hemothorax
Blood in the pleural space (due to trauma, surgery, etc.)
Clinical manifestations of pleural effusion can be:
atelectasis, dyspnea, chest pain, and/or mediastinal shift (large amounts of fluid).
Treatment for pleural effusion:
Thoracentesis. Needle aspiration of fluid.