PBD 2 Exam 4 - Week 2 Growth Hormone

True/False
Somatostatin release is stimulated by a, hypoglycemic state.

Which of the following is False in regards to somatostatin?
a. Inhibits glucagon and insulin secretion by the pancreas
b. Is stimulated by amino acids in the blood
c. Inhibits gastric motility
d. Is stimulated by hypoglycemia

True/False
Growth hormone induces the production of adipose (fat) tissue.

True/False
Most of the growth hromone released from the anterior pituitary occurs during the daytime hours.

True/False
Most adults suffering from decreased growth hormone secretion have genetic defects in the growth hormone gene.

Growth Hormone (GH)
a. inhibits amino acid transport into cells
b. secretion is principally regulated by a long-loop feedback involving IGF-1
c. release from the anterior pituitary gland is episodic or pulsatile
d. secretion increases with age such that maximal concentrations occur around the age of 50
e. both b and c are correct

Prepubertal growth:
a. is characterized by enhanced growth (lengthing) of the trunk
b. is characterized by a widening of the trunk
c. is characterized by enhanced growth (lengthening) of the limbs (arms and legs)
d. is prolonged in girls
e. both c and d are correct

Acromegaly
a. a. is characterized by reduced plasma levels of IGF-1
b. occurs 10 times more frequently in females than males
c. is successfully treated by GH replacement therapy
d. is a very fast progressing disorder
e. is characterized by elevated GH levels in adults

T/F?
Growth Hormone (GH) induces the breakdown of fats (lipids). That is, it is a lipolytic hormone.

T/F?
GH release from the anterior pituitary gland is inhibited by stress.

GH release from the anterior pituitary gland is stimulated by which of the following:
a. Elevated free fatty acids in the blood
b. Somatostatin
c. Ghrelin
d. Elevated glucose levels in the blood

T/F?
The primary cause of nontoxic goiter in the United States is Graves' Disease.

T/F?
Acromegaly is the failure of growth that results from lack of growth hormone during childhood.

T/F?
Pituitary dwarfism is characterized by both an increase in blood levels of growth hormone as well as diminished intellectual capacity.

True/False
The growth phase that is characterized by greater growth in the extremities than the trunk is referred to as prepubertal growth.

True/False
The most common cause of the disorders involving excessive release of growth hormone into the body arise from pituitary adenomas (tumors).

True/False
Growth hormone is released from somatotropes, which comprise 50% of the anterior pituitary cell population.

True/False
Our body responds as strongly to growth hormone at 60 years of age as it down when we are 15 years of age.

Our basal metabolic rate is dependent upon proper secretion of growth hormone.

T/F?
Acromegaly is the failure of growth that results from lack of growth hormone during childhood.

T/F?
Growth hormone acts indirectly through the actions of IGF-1, which is produced in the liver and other tissues.

Which of the following is TRUE in regards to somatostatin?
a. Stimulates glucagon and insulin secretion by the pancreas
b. Is stimulated by amino acids in the blood
c. Its release is decreased by acetylcholine
d. Impairs the uptake of calcium in the pancreatic beta cells
e. b, c and d are true

Although growth hormone (GH) itself can act directly on cells to induce physiological responses, the majority of GH actions are mediated through the production of __________ that then mediates the biological actions of GH.

True/False
One mechanism whereby the actions of growth hormone antagonize the effects of aging is by increasing immune function.