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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How can you restore primary anterior teeth?
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1. Interproximal Stripping
2. Composite resins/Glass ionomer fillings 3. Composite resin strip crowns |
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If saline is unavailable, what other solutions are appropriate to store an avulsed tooth?
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PHYSIOLOGIC Medias:
- Saliva - Saline - Milk - Culture medias (note: do NOT use tapwater, chlorhexidine, chloramine, alcohol) |
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When do you need a space maintainer?
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PREMATURE loss of primary 1st & 2nd Molars
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Each side in the Mandibular arch contains ____ leeway space. Whereas, each side in the Maxillary arch is ____.
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Mandibular 2.5 mm
Maxilla 1.5 mm |
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____________ refers to maintaining the mediodistal relationship in a given dental arch. -The significance is in reducing severity of malocclusion.
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Space Maintenance
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What are the two names for a bite block?
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Molt Mouth Prop
Tooth Pillow |
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What are the components of a first dental visit, including timing of that visit?
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1. When 1st teeth erupt or no later than 1 year of age
2. Oral exam knee-to-knee 3. Discuss dental milestones |
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What are components of the Medical History?
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1. Patient's physician & date of last appointment
2. Birth history & past hospital visits, possible abnormal dental findings 3. Status of current medical treatment 4. Immunizations, allergies, etc |
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What are components of the social history?
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1. Where child lives, goes to school, hobbies, pets, siblings can help build rapport
2. May also help avoid uncomfortable or embarrassing topics 3. Identify parent who will routinely bring in child an obtain consent for treatment |
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What types of things should be included in the anticipitory guidance?
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1. OHI
2. Diet 3. Fluoride needs 4. Establish regular dental care |
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What are questions that should be asked regarding trauma?
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1. When did the trauma occur?
2. How did the trauma occur? 3. Were there any other injuries? 4. What initial treatment was given? 5. Have there been any other dental injuries in the past? 6. Are immunizations up to date? |
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Dental injuries may become the subject of litigation or insurance claims therefore a thorough ________ and _________ is mandatory. Whenever possible injuries should be ___________.
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History & Examination
Photographed |
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What should be examined for a trauma patient?
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1. Extra-oral wounds and palpation of the face
2. Injuries to oral mucosa or gingiva 3. Palpation of alveolus 4. Displacement of teeth 5. Abnormalities in occlusion 6. Extent of tooth fractures, pulp exposure, color changes 7. Mobility of teeth 8. Sensitivity to percussion |
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What is a NEUROLOGICAL SCALE that aims to give a reliable, objective way of recording the conscious state of a person for initial as well as subsequent assessment?
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Glasgow Coma Scale
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The degree of mobility for the Mobility Test is?
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0 no loosening
1-2 mm horizontal loosening 3 mm axial loosening |
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Which of the following is ideal to use to test the pulp?
a) Percussion test b) Electric pulp testing c) Thermal pulp testing |
Percussion test
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As a baseline, all traumatized teeth should be radiographed to assess?
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Stage of root development
Injuries to root & supporting structures |
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How do you locate intruded teeth?
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Use lateral film showing nasal area - double exposure time
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What is the most common type of injury to the upper primary incisors?
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Intrusive Luxation
One of the most potentially damaging injuries to the developing permanent teeth. |
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T/F
Avulsed primary teeth should be replanted as soon as possible for best chance of survival |
False
DO NOT REPLANT AVULSED PRIMARY TEETH |
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What is a very important consideration in all injuries to permanent teeth?
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The status of the root end (i.e. opened or closed)
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T/F
It is common to leave small enamel fractures untreated for young patients |
True
Cosmetic acid etch restorations can be done |
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What are the choices of therapy for fractures of permanent teeth involving small pulp exposures?
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Direct pulp caps
Partial pulpotomies |
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In a fractured tooth with a small pulp exposure, what do you use is the exposure occurred Less than 2 hours ago?
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Direct pulp cap
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In a fractured tooth with a small pulp exposure, what do you use is the exposure occurred More than 2 hours ago?
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Cveck pulpotomy (partial pulpotomy)
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How do you do a Cvek pulpotomy?
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1. Removal of contaminated pulp tissue (2 mm) with high speed diamond bur w/saline or water irrigation.
2. Non-setting calcium hydroxide is placed over the pulp remnant 3. Covered w/setting calcium hydroxide (must be placed over vital tissue) 4. GI cement base and the tooth is restored w/composite resin |
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How do you treat Large fractures and Open apices?
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Pulpotomy to maintain the vitality of the teeth and allow for continued root formation
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How do you treat Large fractures and Closed apices?
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RCT
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How do you treat root fractures?
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Fixed splinting for 3 months
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What types of splints are used for avulsed teeth?
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Flexible splint
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What is the primary management for all emergencies?
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Basic Life Support
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What are the 7 most likely Pedo Emergencies?
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1. Asthma attack
2. Allergen reaction 3. Seizure 4. Airway obstruction 5. Drug overdose 6. Hypoglycemia 7. Syncope |
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How can you prevent aspiration emergencies?
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1. Rubber dam or oral packing
2. Floss on rubber dam clamp 3. Floss on cotton rolls and gauze 4. Chair position 5. Control patient behavior & movement prior to treating |
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Where are EpiPens delivered?
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AnteroLateral aspect of the thigh
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What should you do if a seizure lasts longer than 5 minutes?
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Administer IV diazepam
Continue BLS if diazepam is not availale Activate EMS |
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What are the causes of syncope?
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1. Fear, pain, or apprehension (vasovagal syncope)
2. Rising quickly from lying down (orthostatic syncope) 3. Hypoglycemia (metabolic syncope) 4. Transient Cerebral Ischemia |
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What needles do you use for kids?
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IA - 27 gauge short
Infiltration - 30 gauge short or super short |
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If you adequately dry an area and keep it isolated with cotton rolls, do you truly require a rubber dam?
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Yes
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Why do you use a rubber dam?
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1. Patient protection - prevents aspiration
2. Patient management - prevents child's tongue from getting in the way 3. Better access and visualization - Improved quality of restorative care |
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If the parents are difficult, or more difficult than the child to deal with, are there ways to limit their involvement in the management of the child against their wishes?
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No
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What types of rubber dam clamps do you use in your office? with wings or without?
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W8A wingless - primary 2nd molars
W14A wingless - permanent 1st molars (erupting) |
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How do you prevent your patient from swalling a ssc?
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Sit the patient at a 45 degree angle to the floor
Place your thumb on top of the crown when attempting to remove it |
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When do you extract kids teeth?
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Carious or fractured nonrestorable teeth
Over retained or ankylosed primary teeth preventing eruption of permanent teeth |
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How do you check for signs of profound anesthesia for a patient about to have an extracted tooth?
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1. Press surrounding tissue w/instrument
2. Percuss the tooth 3. Wiggle on the tooth slightly to insure adequate pain control is present |
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During pulpotomies & pulpectomies, what is used to fix the tissue?
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1:5 dilution of Buckley's formacresol
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When would you perform a 2-stage pulpectomy vs. a 1-stage?
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Necrotic radicular pulp = 2 stage
Irreversibly inflamed radicular pulp = 1 stage |
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What are the 4 steps of the initial exam?
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1. Chief complaint
2. Medical history 3. Social history 4. Dental history |
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What are some good Open-ended questions you should ask during the medical history?
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Is your child in good health?
Past serious illnesses? When was the last time your child was seen by PCP? Is your child up to date on immunizations? Medications? Allergies? Was your child ever hospitalized for any reason at all? |
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What is the equivalent molar relationship to a class 1?
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Flush-terminal plane relationship
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How should you plan out your treatment planning?
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Treatment by quadrant
-Most serious quadrant first -Permanent teeth before deciduous teeth -Posterior teeth before anterior teeth EXCEPTION: if the patient is in pain, treat that area first. |
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What are 2 important things to include in your documentation that you might not in an adult?
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Detail any instructions to the parent
Note behavior of the child |
