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18 Cards in this Set

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What is a sign of perforation after a IVP (intravenous pyelogram, radiographic study of kidneys, bladder and other structures by contrast media)?
stomach pain
What is the most common bacteria to cause UTI?
E. coli
The most important factor influencing ascending UTI is...
obstruction of free urine flow.
What are common drugs to tx UTI?
penicillins, sulfonamide, aminoglycosides, trimethoprim-sulfomethoxazole, Cefixine
How do you know it's a UTI?
a colony count >10,000/ml of a single organism from mid-stream specimen indicates infx
What drug is used initially to achieve remission in nephrotic syndrome?
prednisone max of 60-80 mg in 2-3 doses
If proteinuria continues with steroid therapy, what is the next step in nephrotic syndrome?
kidney biopsy
What kind of diet should the nephrotic child get?
NO SALT
What is a complication of nephrotic syndrome?
cellulitis (d/t fluid stasis and poor circulation), peritonitis (stasis of ascitic fluid that can culture Streptococcus pneumoniae)
What is a contraindication for nephrotic children?
LIVE VACCINES
Why are nephrotic patients more susceptible to infections?
decrease of IgG
In taking the AGN child's hx, the nurse should not be surprised to find he has had..
a sore throat last week.

Symptoms of AGN occur 1-2 weeks after streptoccoal pharyngitis
What renal, cardiovascular, preceding infx/fever, and other assessments would you find in a child with AGN?
hematuria, tea colored urine, edema (worse in morning), decreased urine output, HTN, febrile, fatigue, pulmonary edema (life threatening), previous pharyngitis one week ago.
rapid respirations, retractions, nasal flaring, or crackles are signs of pulmonary edema which can result from fluid overload.
Complication of AGN
What are interventions for AGN?
prevent fluid excess
adequate rest
skin integrity
nutritional status (low salt)
relieving anxiety
How does AGN affect electrolytes?
elevated BUN (100-200 mg/dL; normal levels 5-18 mg/dl)
elevated serum creatinine (>6 mg/dL; normal 0.2-1.0 mg/dl)
decreased creatinine clearance: (50 ml/min; normal 89-137 ml/min)

hyperkalemia, hypermagnesemia, dilutional hyponatremia (if urine output is decreased)
How does nephrotic syndrome affect electrolytes?
elevated sodium, hyperlipidemia, elevated Hgb, hct, plt
classic signs of nephrotic syndrome?
hypoalbuminemia
hypernaturemia
hyperlipidemia