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14 Cards in this Set
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- Back
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Peptide structure
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hydrophilic, large (polypeptides) or small (amino acid derivatives)
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Steroid structure
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hydrophobic, small
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Site of peptide synthesis
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rough ER
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Site of steroid synthesis
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smooth ER
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Peptide transport in the bloodstream
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free
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Steroid transport in the bloodstream
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stuck to protein carrier
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Peptide regulation of release
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stored in vesicles until a signal for secretion is received
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Steroids regulation of release
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synthesized only when needed and then used immediately, not stored
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Peptide specificity
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only target cells have appropriate SURFACE receptors (exception: thyroxine = cytoplasmic)
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Steroid specificity
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only target cells have appropriate CYTOPLASMIC receptors
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Peptide mechanism of effect
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bind to receptors that generate second messengers which result in modification of enzyme activity
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Steroid mechanism of effect
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bind to receptors that alter gene expression by regulating DNA transcription
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Peptide timing of effect
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rapid, short-lived
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Steroid timing of effect
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slow, long-lasting
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