PGS Exam 4 Short

social phenomenon in which people are less likely to provide needed help when they are in groups than when they are alone

a group that one belongs to and identifies with

getting people to agree to a small request to increase the chances that they will agree to a larger request later

a class of disorders in which people lose contact with portions of their consciousness or memory, resulting in disruptions in their sense of identity

emotional disturbance; depression, bipolar disorder, dysthymic disorder, and cyclothymic disorder

striking motor disturbances ranging from muscular rigidity to random motor activity

dominated by delusions of persecution along with delusions of grandeur

a particularly severe deterioration of adaptive behavior

s the situation where anti-normative behavior is released in groups in
which individuals are not seen or paid attention to as individuals.
Simply put, deindividuation is immersion in a group to the point of
which the individual ceases to be seen as such.

involves a failure to move forward form one stage to another as expected

clients spontaneously express their thoughts and feelings exactly as they occur, with as little censorship as possible.

behaving in a way that's exactly the opposite of ones true feelings

a systematic procedure that typically produces a heightened state of suggestibility.

attributing one's own thoughts feelings or motives to another. ie a woman who dislikes her boss thinks she likes her boss but feels that her boss dont like her

widely held beliefs that people have certain characteristics because of their membership in a particular group.

refers to the tendency for people to want to believe that the world is "just"
so strongly that when they witness an otherwise inexplicable injustice
they will rationalize it by searching for things that the victim might
have done to deserve it.

self identity depends on both one's personal and social identity. refers to the pride people derive fom their membershups in carious gorups, such as ethnic groups religious groups etc.

the tendency to attribute one's succeses to personal factors and one's failures to situational factores.

asserted that people look at situational cues to differentiate between alternative emotions. The experience of emotion depends on:
-autonomic arousal
-cognitive interpretation of that arousa

conscious experience of emotion results from one's perception of autonomic arousal.

autonomic specifity-that different emotions are accompanied by different patterns of autonomic activation.

wasnot convinced by the James Lange Thoery. pointed out that physiological arousal may occur without the experience of emotion. emotion occurs when the thalamus sends signals similtaneously to the cortex and to the autonomic nervous system.

the experience of feeling stressed depends on what events one notices and how one appraises them.

believed that emotions developed because of their adaptive value.

high salt intake, caffeine consumption increase it

cancer cells that form in the lymph glands

white blood cells that are part of the body's immune system

a physical state in which a person is abnormally and easily excitable or exuberant. Strong emotional reactions, impulsive behavior, and sometimes a short span of attention are also typical for a hyperactive person

family history, male, age, hypertension all relate to stroke prone people

strong competitive orientation
-impatience and time urgency
-anger and hostility

marked by relatively relaxed, patient, easygoing, amicable behavior.

stress leads to hypothalamus to autonomic nervous system(sympathetic division) to adrenal medulla, to secreation of catechilamines.( increased heart rate, respiration blood flow etc

relaxed state. salivating no goose bumps palms dry decreased heart rate.

made up of nerves that connect to voluntary skeletal muscles and to sensory receptors

alarm resistance and exhaustion.
-alarm-fight or flight
-resistance- physiological arousal continues to be higher than normal, organism becomes more adapted to the threat.
-exhaustion- bodys resources may depplete, physiological arousal decreases and organism drops eventually.

ambitious, hard driving and time conscious. Highly competitive achievement oriented. Easily irritated and are quick to anger

less hurried, less competitive less angered.

good health directly related to optimism. associated with more effective immune functioning. they cope with stress in more adaptive ways than pessimests.

the bodys defensive reaction to invasion by bacteria, viral agents, or other foreign substances.
catatonic type

largely unconscious reactions that protect a person from unpleasant emotions such as anxiety and guilt.

area of the human body that has heightened sensitivity, the stimulation of which would normally result in sexual arousal.

bolstering self esteem by forming an imaginary or real alliance with some person or group.

the idea that internal mental events, external environmental events, and overt behavior all influence one another

that continuously drives one to seek pleasure and to avoid pain; its counterpart is the reality principle, which defers gratification when necessary.

peoples tendency to assume that the social spotlight shines more brightly on them than it actually does.

insight therapy that emphasizes the recovery of unconscious conflicts, motives, and defenses

a chronic depression that is insufficient in severity to merit diagnosis of a major depressive episode

a type of anxiety disorder marked by persistent, uncontrollable intrusions of unwanted thoughts and urges to engage in senseless rituals

eating disorder characterized by intense fear of gaining weight

a class of psychological disorders marked by disturbances in thought that spill over to affect perceptual, social, and emotional processes

children's manifestation of erotically tinged desires for their opposite sex parent, accompanied by the feelings of hostility toward their same sex parent

the release of emotional tension